Baibai, an essential aquatic vegetable in Jinyun County, plays a vital role in local agriculture. The annual cultivation area remains stable at over 15,000 mu, with particular emphasis on mountainous regions above 500 meters in elevation. These high-altitude areas benefit from cool summer temperatures and a pristine ecological environment, making them ideal for the growth of Baibai. This favorable climate contributes to superior quality and higher yields, while also promoting early maturation and the development of thick, fleshy stems. Compared to other regions at the same latitude, such as the Plain Plain Baiti city, Baibai in these mountainous areas can be harvested 20-30 days earlier. This not only enriches the variety of vegetables available during the "autumn" season but also helps increase farmers' income by offering premium-quality products at competitive prices. As a result, the cultivation of high-mountain Baibai has become a crucial strategy for developing the local agricultural economy.
The key technical practices for high-quality single-season alpine cultivation are outlined below:
**1. General Overview**
**1.1 Climatic Conditions**
The region exhibits a typical high-altitude climate, with average July and September temperatures reaching 21.8°C. The daily temperature difference exceeds 12°C, which is beneficial for the plant's growth and development.
**1.2 Soil Conditions**
The soil should be deep, fertile, and rich in organic matter (over 4%). It should have good water and nutrient retention properties, typically found in mountain yellow muddy sand fields.
**1.3 Water Conditions**
The field must have complete irrigation infrastructure, allowing for the use of cold water from mountain springs to ensure efficient watering and drainage.
**2. Fertilizer Use Requirements**
Organic fertilizers, including decomposed farm manure and specially processed formulations, should be used, with limited application of chemical fertilizers. A balanced combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements is recommended, along with specialized compound fertilizers to avoid excessive nitrogen use.
**3. Pesticide Use Requirements**
Pesticides should follow the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive control.†Safe, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides are encouraged. Applications must adhere to the "Safe Use Standards for Pesticides of Non-environmental Vegetables in Zhejiang Province," and prohibited substances must be strictly avoided. All pesticide usage must comply with national regulations on pesticide management.
**2. Main Technical Links**
**1. Site Selection and Preparation**
Choose plots with high altitude, cool weather, clean water sources, and well-drained soil. The land should be plowed and prepared before planting.
**2. Variety Selection**
Select high-yield, single-season varieties such as “Beauty†or “Ivory,†known for their fine quality and strong resistance to disease.
**3. Seedling Selection and Cultivation**
Each year, select healthy plants with uniform growth, tight nodes, and high yield potential. After harvest, cuttings should be taken in September or transplanted the following year.
**4. Transplanting and Seedling Spacing**
Transplant seedlings when they reach about 20 cm in height, typically between late March and early April. Plant 3–4 seedlings per row, with a spacing of 1.2 m wide and 0.8 m narrow. Each acre can accommodate 1,300–1,500 plants.
**5. Balanced Fertilization**
Apply sufficient base fertilizer (40% of total), mainly organic, supplemented with chemical fertilizers. Apply additional top dressing in mid-April and continue through the growing season, adjusting based on plant health.
**6. Irrigation Management**
Maintain appropriate water levels throughout the growth cycle. During transplanting, keep shallow water (3–5 cm). During jointing, expose the field to promote root development. During the expansion phase, maintain deeper water (15 cm) using cold water to enhance stem quality.
**7. Pest and Weed Control**
Common pests include rust, bacterial sheath rot, leaf blight, sheath blight, stem borer, long green planthopper, and thrips. Integrated pest management is recommended, combining cultural, physical, and chemical methods. Use traps and selective pesticides to minimize environmental impact.
**8. Harvesting**
Harvest when the white stalks begin to show slightly, with a 0.5–1 cm exposure. Proper timing ensures quality and marketability. For transport, wrap the stalks in clean, cold water to maintain freshness.
**9. Quality Standards**
The product must meet strict appearance, health, and classification criteria. It should be free from pests, damage, and mold, with no chemical residues exceeding legal limits.
**10. Packaging and Labeling**
Use clean, durable containers and clearly label each package with details such as grade, net weight, production date, and shelf life.
**11. Storage and Transportation**
Ensure safe storage and transportation conditions, avoiding contamination and maintaining the original quality of the product.
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