Technical Measures for Tibetan Mastiff Breeding
Tibetan mastiffs have become a popular and profitable breeding project, offering low investment, quick returns, and strong market demand. However, the challenges of large-scale breeding and disease prevention remain significant obstacles, causing many farmers to face repeated failures and financial losses. Based on years of practical experience in raising Tibetan mastiffs, I believe that the following technical measures are essential for successful breeding. 1. **Vaccination as a Priority** Canine diseases, especially infectious ones like distemper and parvovirus, can be devastating. There are no specific treatments for these illnesses, and once an outbreak occurs, it often leads to total loss. Additionally, zoonotic diseases such as rabies and leptospirosis pose serious risks to both dogs and humans. Therefore, vaccination is the most effective preventive measure. It should be strictly followed according to the recommended schedule. The commonly used vaccine is a five-in-one (or six, seven) attenuated live vaccine. Puppies should receive three doses between 30 and 90 days old, while older dogs need two doses, with intervals of two to four weeks. A booster shot is required every six months. For newly purchased puppies, it's advisable to first administer dog serum or immunoglobulin one to three times, then wait 15 days before vaccination. Domestic vaccines have about a 70% effectiveness rate, so imported vaccines from countries like the Netherlands or the U.S. are more reliable. 2. **Regular Disinfection** Maintaining cleanliness in the kennel is crucial. Daily cleaning of waste and regular disinfection of the environment—such as dog beds, walls, floors, and ditches—are necessary. Use a 1:300 dilution of bactericidal agents or a 1:50 solution of 50% poison. Food bowls and water fountains should be cleaned after each feeding and disinfected weekly. 3. **Timely Deworming** Parasitic infections can be more harmful than bacterial or viral diseases. Infected dogs may show slow growth, weakness, or even death. Puppies should be dewormed starting at 20 days old. Common treatments include levamisole (10 ml/kg), albendazole (10 mg/kg once a week), or ivermectin (0.2 ml/kg). Deworming should be done every 2–3 months. Newly acquired puppies should be quarantined for a week and tested before deworming. Adult dogs should be dewormed quarterly, and females during their non-breeding periods, at least twice a year. 4. **Breeding Strategies** Tibetan mastiffs are mainly raised in regions like Tibet, Qinghai, and Gansu. Most breeders use local breeds, which are hardy but grow slowly. To improve productivity, it’s recommended to select high-quality local bitches with good appearance and reproductive traits. Crossbreeding with other superior breeds, such as Qinghai Guoluozhou, can enhance growth rate and disease resistance. 5. **Balanced Nutrition** Many rural dog owners feed their Tibetan mastiffs a single type of food, leading to poor growth and low economic returns. A balanced diet is essential. Feed should contain 17–22% protein, 3–7% fat, 3–4.5% crude fiber, 8–10% ash, and adequate vitamins and minerals. All food must be cooked and fed properly to ensure optimal health and performance.Ademetionine 1,4-butanedisulfonate
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