1. Boron plays a vital role in strengthening the cell walls of plant cells by combining with polysaccharides, which enhances structural stability. It is also closely involved in the synthesis and utilization of auxins, plant hormones that regulate growth. This helps promote the rapid development of meristematic tissues. A deficiency in boron can lead to necrosis at the growing points of plants. Additionally, boron influences RNA synthesis and pollen tube germination. In wheat, boron deficiency results in "hollow stems," in rapeseed it causes "flowers without real blooms," and in cotton, it leads to "buds but no flowers." These symptoms highlight the essential role of boron in reproductive development and overall plant health.
2. Boron significantly contributes to the efficient transport and metabolism of carbohydrates in crops. It supports the synthesis of sucrose and regulates its movement within the plant. Moreover, boron enhances the breakdown of starch, improving energy availability for growth and development. This makes boron an important nutrient for maintaining proper sugar levels and ensuring optimal plant performance, especially during critical growth stages.
3. Boron also improves the ability of cell walls to regulate water movement, which enhances a plant's resistance to cold stress and disease. By strengthening cellular structures and improving water management, boron helps plants better withstand environmental challenges. This makes it an essential element not only for growth but also for survival under adverse conditions. Ensuring adequate boron supply is crucial for maintaining both yield and quality in agricultural production.
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