Release date: 2006-08-07
A major breakthrough in "bionics": the United States and the United States to achieve the idea of ​​moving objects according to the United Kingdom ("The Times" and other media reported recently, an American man from the lower cervical spine with a computer-connected implant and artificial arm, It is possible to turn on the TV, read e-mails and handle other daily tasks through thinking. Such brain implants will eventually enable severely disabled people to control wheelchairs and artificial prostheses. This is by far the human development towards the “bionics systemâ€. The biggest step, it is possible to restore the function of nerve movements to those who have lost their limbs. The "Nature" magazine published recently details the extraordinary achievements of this research, which lasted for more than 30 years.
■Implanted chip to connect computer The 25-year-old Matthew Nagel came from Massachusetts, USA. In 2001, his spine was cut in a dagger attack, causing all the defects below the neck. In 2004, he underwent an implant surgery called the “brain-meneu-neural interaction system†at Rhode Island Hospital – implanting a 4 mm square chip. This chip can read the signals of the nerves in his brain's central motor, and if his limbs can move, the cortex can control its activity.
The implanted chip consists of 100 unusually fine electrodes, each of which is thinner than a human hair. It is placed on the cortex of the central motor nerves of the human brain - the area in which the brain is responsible for autonomous activities. These hair-like electrodes penetrate into the brain through micropores of 1 mm size and receive electronic signals from nearby nerve cells. These signals are transmitted through tiny wires to a one-inch titanium base that is placed over the patient's scalp. A wire connects the base to the computer. When Nagel imagines moving his own body, the 100 electrodes on the implant record his brain's activity, transmit it to a computer for decoding and processing, and then convert it into electronics. Motion instructions that the device can execute.
â– Thinking Control Activities In nine months, Nagel learned to move cursors on mobile computer screens, open emails, play simple video games, adjust the volume of the TV, and learn to operate a simple robotic arm. . He is also able to perform many such actions while talking. This suggests that when operating a mentally controlled prosthesis, it is not necessary to concentrate.
"In one example, the output of the central nervous system is connected to an artificial hand, and he can open and close his hand with the control of the will - he got this function after several trials, just staring at this one The hand, without the feedback of the cursor display. Finally, he used a simple multi-joint robotic arm to grab an object and move it from one place to another." Professor John Donogow, who is in charge of the study "These results show a pleasing prospect. One day, people will use these brain signals to stimulate the muscles of the limbs and effectively restore the brain's control of the muscles through the nervous system of an object."
Mr. Nagel believes that this implant has changed his sense of independence. "This is great!" he said. "After the injury, I was frustrated for two years. It is now the third year. This implant is too unbelievable."
■Technology remains to be improved Mature brain-computer interactions have previously been demonstrated in humans and animals, and these advances are by far the largest step toward the development of “bionics systems†that can restore loss of limb control. Human nerve function. In the TV series "The Six Million Dollars" released in the 1970s, scientists used his bionic prosthesis controlled by the victim's mind, Steve Austin, to reshape his body. At the time, this concept was purely an illusion. Today, this bionics has finally achieved remarkable results after more than 30 years of research.
But the scientists involved in the study stressed that the technology is still in its "infancy," and needs to be improved and matured. Professor Donovan said: "This success heralds a bright future: that one day, patients can use a set of physical nervous systems to stimulate brain muscles with brainwave signals and restore brain control of muscles." Scientists believe In time, Nagel will eventually learn to operate more complex and advanced movements such as wheelchairs and prosthetics with flexibility, and by then, his quality of life will be greatly improved.
Source: China Medical News
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