Artificial breeding and seed breeding Artificial breeding of jaundice is not difficult. Shanghai, Hubei, Jiangsu, and other places have all been artificially propagated successfully. However, if large-scale production or factory production is carried out, it still needs to be continuously explored and perfected technically.
(1) Breeding biological characteristics of Astragalus To breed Astragalus artificially, it is necessary to understand the reproductive characteristics of Astragalus, especially to understand the unique sexual reversal of Astragalus.
1. Sexual reversal of Astragalus and features of male and female appearance. Unlike most vertebrates, Astragalus does not belong to a single sex. Instead, it is female in the first half of life and male in the latter half of the year. The middle stage of transformation is called the male-and-male body. This shift from female to male is called the phenomenon of sexual reversal. In the sexually mature group of jaundice, the smaller individuals are females, the larger individuals are mainly males, and the individuals between them are called male and female gonads. This gonad-like tissue is actually a In the dynamic process, during this physiological change, functional females turn into functional males. The gonads of the larval larvae gradually differentiate from the primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial gonad to the oocyte. The gonad develops from the larvae into the adult. The first time individuals who have entered the mature gonadal are females. After spawning by females, it can be clearly found that the ovaries in the gonad begin to degenerate, and the testis originating in the cords begins to form and gradually branches and enlarges, that is, the gonad develops toward the direction of maleness. That is, in the male and female body state. After this, the ovaries are completely degraded, and the testis tissues are fully developed, and well-developed spermatogonia are produced until the mature spermatozoa are formed. At this time, the individual jaundice has transformed into a typical male. Zhao Yunfang and Ke Yantao of the Institute of Fisheries Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences observed 2,000 broodstock fish in the city. They studied in detail the changes in gonadal development of naturally growing Astragalus and gained some new insights. The gonad is a tubular organ located in the right side of the abdominal cavity. side.
Beginning to be female, its development, sexual reversal process is as follows:
(1) Female period: The outer layer of the ovary is composed of a layer of connective tissue. The membrane is an ovarian cavity. It is filled with oocytes of various shapes, sizes, and different developmental stages. The egg diameter is 0.08-3.7 mm.
Stage I: The ovaries are white and transparent and slender. The eggs are invisible to the naked eye. Under the dissecting microscope, transparent and small oocytes can be seen, with large nuclei, few cytoplasms, and egg diameters of 0.08-0.12 mm. The larvae of 5.9 cm in length and 0.4 g in body weight can be found in small, transparent ovaries after dissection. The ovary of 8.2 cm in length is filled with small, transparent oocytes.
Phase II: This period of the ovaries is slightly thicker than the stage I, and the ovaries are white and transparent. The eggs are invisible to the naked eye, and the ovaries are filled with small transparent oocytes in an anatomical microscope. The egg diameter is 0.13 to 0.17 mm, and the ovaries of 15 cm or less are usually in phase II.
Stage III: The ovaries have changed from white to light yellow, visible to the naked eye. There are many small ovaries in the ovary. A round or irregularly shaped oocyte can be clearly seen under a dissection microscope. More yolk particles have been deposited in the cells. The egg diameter is 0.15-2.2 mm. At the same time, there are a few oocytes of stages I and II in the ovary, and the total length of the stage III gonads is 15-26 cm.
Stage IV: The ovaries are obviously thick, the oocytes are also significantly enlarged, the size of the eggs is relatively uniform, and the color changes from light yellow to orange. Under anatomical microscope, egg particles fill the entire oocyte and the nucleus gradually shifts. The diameter of the egg is 2.2-3.4 mm. The length of the astragalus in this period is 10-30 cm in length and very few can reach 40 cm or more. The ovaries that developed to the end of stage IV accounted for 44.6 to 59.2% of the length of the carcass, with an average of 53.2% (from the gonads to the head).
Phase V: The ovaries are thick and filled with orange-colored globules. They are spherical. The egg diameter is 3.3-3.7 mm. The oocytes are filled with tightly packed yolk globules. The nucleus moves to the end of the egg and the ovum becomes free in the ovary.
(2) Male-male body stage: Most of the jaundice begin to enter this period after 2nd age, 24.5-37cm in length, and individual lengths may reach more than 45cm. At this stage, the gonadal capsule thickens and the ovaries gradually degenerate. Gradually formed. The body tends to be female at first and tends to male at later stages. Under the microscope, a small number of small, residual eggs can be seen. These small ovules do not mature, but gradually degenerate and absorb, and break down into orange floes. At the same time, incompletely formed tubules can be seen.
(3) Male stages: Most jaundice are males older than 3 years of age, and they also have male inversion when they are young. The immature testis is slender, grayish-white with pigment spots on the surface. Under the microscope, seminiferous tubules and inactive spermatozoa are found. Sexual mature testes are thicker than the original. There are various types of melanin markings on the surface. There are many small and active spermatozoa under the microscope. Comprehensive domestic and foreign scholars' investigations on the sexual reversal of Scutellaria baicalensis can be summarized as follows: Adults with a body length of 200 mm or less are females; adults with a body length of about 220 mm begin to reverse; when they are between 360 and 380 mm in length, the number of males and females Almost equal; males account for a majority above 380 mm; all males above 530 mm. Recently, according to the local survey conducted by the Yingying River Special Fishery Station in Baoying County, Jiangsu Province, there are some new amendments to the above conclusions. When standing in a local lake and caught in a pond, Astragalus membranaceus was found to have female individuals up to 600 to 650 mm in size and was able to normally lay eggs for hatching. This descriptive reversal was also affected by environmental conditions, probably in organisms. Under the condition of abundant food, the growth of Astragalus accumulates, and in the same growth period, extraordinary body length appears.
2. Breeding habits
(1) Breeding season and environmental conditions: Astragalus only reproduce once a year, and the spawning cycle is longer. In Yibin, Sichuan, the breeding season of Astragalus is usually from May to August every year. The breeding season is from June to July, and it fluctuates with the temperature, which can be delayed in advance. Before the breeding season arrives, the pro-gaze first hits a hole called a breeding hole. The breeding hole is different from the living hole: the breeding hole is usually on the edge of the field, the hole is usually open in the shelter of the field, and 2/3 of the lower edge of the hole is submerged in water. The breeding hole is divided into the front hole and the rear hole. The front hole spawns. The rear hole is relatively slender. The hole is about 10 cm wide. The hole is about 5 cm above and below, and the left and right distance is about 10 cm.
(2) Sex ratio and spouse composition: According to the annual anatomical Huanghua in Sichuan region, the reproductive population of Astragalus is more female than male during the entire reproductive period. Before July, females accounted for the majority, of which females accounted for 91.3% in February. In August, females gradually decreased to 38.3%, and the ratio of males to females was 0.6:1. Since most females developed eggs after August, the gonads gradually reversed. 9 From December to December, males and females account for about 50% each. The breeding of Astragalus in nature is mostly a match between offspring and their parents, and does not exclude the possibility of pairing with the previous two generations of males, but in the absence of realgar, there will be a small number of females in the same batch of Astragalus. After the first reversal to the male cricket, the larvae were then reared with the same batch of female crickets. This is a special feature of the cricket that is different from other fish.
(3) Spawning and Incubation: Sexually mature females have enlarged abdomens, orange-red (individually gray-yellow), and a red horizontal line. Before spawning, the male and female parents spit bubbles to build a nest, and then lay eggs on top of the grass roots that fall off the top of the hole. The fertilized eggs and foam float in the cave. Fertilized yolk or orange yellow, translucent, egg diameter (after water absorption) is generally 2 to 4 mm. Male parents have a habit of protecting eggs, and they usually guard until the yolk sac of the seedling disappears. At this time, even if the male dragonfly is disturbed, it will not be far away, and the female relatives will leave the breeding hole after they have laid eggs (some scholars have observed that the female dragonfly also participates in egg protection and nursery protection). It is estimated that there are two roles for the parent to spit the bubble, one is to make the fertilized egg difficult to be detected by the enemy, the other is to make the fertilized egg tray float on the water, and the water surface is generally high in dissolved oxygen and high in water temperature (the appropriate water temperature for hatching eggs 21 ~ 28 °C), which will help improve the hatching rate. From the fertilization to the hatching of Astragalus erinaceus, it usually takes 5 to 7 days at 30°C (28 to 38°C) for water temperature and 9 to 11 days for the elderly. It requires water temperature stability and the fertility and hatchability of Astragalus membranaceus in nature. It is 95 to 100%. The embryonic development of Astragalus membranaceus differs from that of general freshwater fishes, and is particularly different from that of carps. Its characteristics are as follows: First, the egg diameter is large, the yolk is large, and the embryo develops for a long time. Strong tolerance. The larvae in the indoor glass tanks live for two months without feeding, but the fish is extremely thin. Second, the same batch of eggs produced by the same family were hatched under the same conditions, and the larvae's filming time was also inconsistent. The difference was about 48 hours. Thirdly, the neural plate appears to be 1/3 to 1/2 of the eggs in the early primitive gastrostocytes of the primitive gut, similar to carp and distinctly different from carp. Fourth, the pectoral fins are formed during the embryonic period and are constantly flapping. After the film emerges, they gradually degenerate and disappear. Seen from the evolutionary process of Huanghua, the ancestors of Huangpi were described as having pectoral fins. Due to long-term adaptation to burrowing, the pectoral fins gradually deteriorated and disappeared. (II) Artificial Propagation Technology The artificial propagation method of Astragalus membranaceus is basically the same as that of other domestic fish, but because of the small amount of spawning (200-600 capsules per tail), the number of broodstock required is large. When selecting and nurturing broodstock, individuals of different lengths must be selected to ensure the coordination of male and female proportions.
The main technical points of jaundice breeding:
1. The choice of intimacy can be obtained from the parent breeding pool, or from the market, as long as the choice is good, artificial breeding can be successful. Females choose to be about 30 cm in length and 150 to 250 grams in weight. The mature females have a spindle-shaped enlargement of the abdomen. The smaller mature females have a transparent zone in the abdomen. The outline of the egg is visible in vitro. The abdomen can be felt soft and elastic by hand and the genital hole is red and swollen. It is better to choose a weight of 200-500 grams. The abdomen is smaller on the abdomen, with fibrinated markings on the ventral surface and swollen reproductive holes. Squeezing the abdomen by hand can squeeze a small amount of transparent semen. Active sperm can be seen under a high magnification microscope.
2. Oxygen production and oxytocosis can be induced by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LRH-A), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and salmon pituitary (PG). One injection of LRH-A was better. The injection dose depends on the size of the broodstock, female 15-50 grams, each injection of LRH-A5 ~ 10 micrograms, 50 ~ 250 grams of female moles, each tail injection of 10 ~ 30 micrograms. Pack the selected intimacy with a dry towel or gauze to prevent slipping. Then inject into the chest cavity. The depth of injection should not exceed 0.5 cm. The amount of LRH-A injected should not exceed 1 ml. Twenty-four hours after injection of the female lice, the male lice were injected and 10-20 μg of LRH-A was injected into each tail. After the injection, the relatives are kept in aquariums or cages. The water in the box should not be too deep, generally 20 to 30 centimeters can be, change the water once a day. When the water temperature is below 25°C, check the same batch of broodstock every 3 hours after the injection for 40 hours. The effect time is often inconsistent, so it should be checked to about 75 hours after the injection. The method of examination is to catch the intimacy and touch the abdomen by hand and move from front to back. If you feel that the egg is free, it means that ovulation begins and artificial insemination should be performed immediately.
3. Artificial insemination Remove the female ovules that begin to ovulate, hold the front part with a dry towel on one hand pad, and squeeze the abdomen with the other hand from front to back. Part of the intimacy can successfully extrude the eggs, but most of the offspring will have a cloacal blockage. At this time, small scissors can be used to cut 0.5 to 1 cm at the cloaca, and then the eggs can be extruded for 3 to 5 consecutive times until they are empty. The ovulation container can be glass or porcelain. After the egg is squeezed into the container, the male cricket is killed immediately. The testis is removed and a small part is placed under a microscope with a magnification of 400 times. If the sperm activity is normal, the scissors can be used. The testis was smashed and placed in an extruded egg, fully stirred (male and female ratio at the time of artificial insemination, depending on the amount of eggs, generally 3 to 5:1), and then added Renji's solution to 200 ml for 5 minutes. Add clean water to wash testicle fragments and bloodstains and put them into an incubator to incubate in still water.
4. Artificial hatching The incubator can use glass jars, porcelain basins, aquariums, small cages, etc. according to the number of eggs to be laid. As long as they are properly managed, they can hatch seedlings. The proportion of quail eggs is greater than that of water. In the case of natural reproduction, the foam that the quail eggs spit out of their relatives floats on the surface of the water to hatch and emerge. When they reproduce artificially, the foam of the floating quail eggs cannot be obtained, and the quail eggs will sink to the bottom. Therefore, the water should not be too deep, generally controlled at about 10 cm. The rate of fertility in artificial reproduction is low, and unfertilized eggs can easily deteriorate after disintegration and should be promptly removed. When hatching in a closed container, be careful to constantly change the water, and do not exceed 5°C when changing the water temperature. When the eggs hatch, the different stages of embryonic development consume different amounts of oxygen. Oxygen consumption per hour per 100 fleas per hour was determined at a water temperature of 24°C. Cell division time was 0.29 mg, blastocyst stage was 0.46 mg, and gastrula stage was 0.53 mg. During the embryonic development, the later the period, the greater the oxygen consumption. Therefore, in the incubation of still water in cylinders and pots, the number of water changes should be increased. 5. Identification of the egg maturation and fertilization of Scutellaria baicalensis. The quail eggs that have just been produced are pale yellow and orange, with a specific gravity greater than that of water and no stickiness. Eggs sucked.
(1) Breeding biological characteristics of Astragalus To breed Astragalus artificially, it is necessary to understand the reproductive characteristics of Astragalus, especially to understand the unique sexual reversal of Astragalus.
1. Sexual reversal of Astragalus and features of male and female appearance. Unlike most vertebrates, Astragalus does not belong to a single sex. Instead, it is female in the first half of life and male in the latter half of the year. The middle stage of transformation is called the male-and-male body. This shift from female to male is called the phenomenon of sexual reversal. In the sexually mature group of jaundice, the smaller individuals are females, the larger individuals are mainly males, and the individuals between them are called male and female gonads. This gonad-like tissue is actually a In the dynamic process, during this physiological change, functional females turn into functional males. The gonads of the larval larvae gradually differentiate from the primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial primordial gonad to the oocyte. The gonad develops from the larvae into the adult. The first time individuals who have entered the mature gonadal are females. After spawning by females, it can be clearly found that the ovaries in the gonad begin to degenerate, and the testis originating in the cords begins to form and gradually branches and enlarges, that is, the gonad develops toward the direction of maleness. That is, in the male and female body state. After this, the ovaries are completely degraded, and the testis tissues are fully developed, and well-developed spermatogonia are produced until the mature spermatozoa are formed. At this time, the individual jaundice has transformed into a typical male. Zhao Yunfang and Ke Yantao of the Institute of Fisheries Research, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences observed 2,000 broodstock fish in the city. They studied in detail the changes in gonadal development of naturally growing Astragalus and gained some new insights. The gonad is a tubular organ located in the right side of the abdominal cavity. side.
Beginning to be female, its development, sexual reversal process is as follows:
(1) Female period: The outer layer of the ovary is composed of a layer of connective tissue. The membrane is an ovarian cavity. It is filled with oocytes of various shapes, sizes, and different developmental stages. The egg diameter is 0.08-3.7 mm.
Stage I: The ovaries are white and transparent and slender. The eggs are invisible to the naked eye. Under the dissecting microscope, transparent and small oocytes can be seen, with large nuclei, few cytoplasms, and egg diameters of 0.08-0.12 mm. The larvae of 5.9 cm in length and 0.4 g in body weight can be found in small, transparent ovaries after dissection. The ovary of 8.2 cm in length is filled with small, transparent oocytes.
Phase II: This period of the ovaries is slightly thicker than the stage I, and the ovaries are white and transparent. The eggs are invisible to the naked eye, and the ovaries are filled with small transparent oocytes in an anatomical microscope. The egg diameter is 0.13 to 0.17 mm, and the ovaries of 15 cm or less are usually in phase II.
Stage III: The ovaries have changed from white to light yellow, visible to the naked eye. There are many small ovaries in the ovary. A round or irregularly shaped oocyte can be clearly seen under a dissection microscope. More yolk particles have been deposited in the cells. The egg diameter is 0.15-2.2 mm. At the same time, there are a few oocytes of stages I and II in the ovary, and the total length of the stage III gonads is 15-26 cm.
Stage IV: The ovaries are obviously thick, the oocytes are also significantly enlarged, the size of the eggs is relatively uniform, and the color changes from light yellow to orange. Under anatomical microscope, egg particles fill the entire oocyte and the nucleus gradually shifts. The diameter of the egg is 2.2-3.4 mm. The length of the astragalus in this period is 10-30 cm in length and very few can reach 40 cm or more. The ovaries that developed to the end of stage IV accounted for 44.6 to 59.2% of the length of the carcass, with an average of 53.2% (from the gonads to the head).
Phase V: The ovaries are thick and filled with orange-colored globules. They are spherical. The egg diameter is 3.3-3.7 mm. The oocytes are filled with tightly packed yolk globules. The nucleus moves to the end of the egg and the ovum becomes free in the ovary.
(2) Male-male body stage: Most of the jaundice begin to enter this period after 2nd age, 24.5-37cm in length, and individual lengths may reach more than 45cm. At this stage, the gonadal capsule thickens and the ovaries gradually degenerate. Gradually formed. The body tends to be female at first and tends to male at later stages. Under the microscope, a small number of small, residual eggs can be seen. These small ovules do not mature, but gradually degenerate and absorb, and break down into orange floes. At the same time, incompletely formed tubules can be seen.
(3) Male stages: Most jaundice are males older than 3 years of age, and they also have male inversion when they are young. The immature testis is slender, grayish-white with pigment spots on the surface. Under the microscope, seminiferous tubules and inactive spermatozoa are found. Sexual mature testes are thicker than the original. There are various types of melanin markings on the surface. There are many small and active spermatozoa under the microscope. Comprehensive domestic and foreign scholars' investigations on the sexual reversal of Scutellaria baicalensis can be summarized as follows: Adults with a body length of 200 mm or less are females; adults with a body length of about 220 mm begin to reverse; when they are between 360 and 380 mm in length, the number of males and females Almost equal; males account for a majority above 380 mm; all males above 530 mm. Recently, according to the local survey conducted by the Yingying River Special Fishery Station in Baoying County, Jiangsu Province, there are some new amendments to the above conclusions. When standing in a local lake and caught in a pond, Astragalus membranaceus was found to have female individuals up to 600 to 650 mm in size and was able to normally lay eggs for hatching. This descriptive reversal was also affected by environmental conditions, probably in organisms. Under the condition of abundant food, the growth of Astragalus accumulates, and in the same growth period, extraordinary body length appears.
2. Breeding habits
(1) Breeding season and environmental conditions: Astragalus only reproduce once a year, and the spawning cycle is longer. In Yibin, Sichuan, the breeding season of Astragalus is usually from May to August every year. The breeding season is from June to July, and it fluctuates with the temperature, which can be delayed in advance. Before the breeding season arrives, the pro-gaze first hits a hole called a breeding hole. The breeding hole is different from the living hole: the breeding hole is usually on the edge of the field, the hole is usually open in the shelter of the field, and 2/3 of the lower edge of the hole is submerged in water. The breeding hole is divided into the front hole and the rear hole. The front hole spawns. The rear hole is relatively slender. The hole is about 10 cm wide. The hole is about 5 cm above and below, and the left and right distance is about 10 cm.
(2) Sex ratio and spouse composition: According to the annual anatomical Huanghua in Sichuan region, the reproductive population of Astragalus is more female than male during the entire reproductive period. Before July, females accounted for the majority, of which females accounted for 91.3% in February. In August, females gradually decreased to 38.3%, and the ratio of males to females was 0.6:1. Since most females developed eggs after August, the gonads gradually reversed. 9 From December to December, males and females account for about 50% each. The breeding of Astragalus in nature is mostly a match between offspring and their parents, and does not exclude the possibility of pairing with the previous two generations of males, but in the absence of realgar, there will be a small number of females in the same batch of Astragalus. After the first reversal to the male cricket, the larvae were then reared with the same batch of female crickets. This is a special feature of the cricket that is different from other fish.
(3) Spawning and Incubation: Sexually mature females have enlarged abdomens, orange-red (individually gray-yellow), and a red horizontal line. Before spawning, the male and female parents spit bubbles to build a nest, and then lay eggs on top of the grass roots that fall off the top of the hole. The fertilized eggs and foam float in the cave. Fertilized yolk or orange yellow, translucent, egg diameter (after water absorption) is generally 2 to 4 mm. Male parents have a habit of protecting eggs, and they usually guard until the yolk sac of the seedling disappears. At this time, even if the male dragonfly is disturbed, it will not be far away, and the female relatives will leave the breeding hole after they have laid eggs (some scholars have observed that the female dragonfly also participates in egg protection and nursery protection). It is estimated that there are two roles for the parent to spit the bubble, one is to make the fertilized egg difficult to be detected by the enemy, the other is to make the fertilized egg tray float on the water, and the water surface is generally high in dissolved oxygen and high in water temperature (the appropriate water temperature for hatching eggs 21 ~ 28 °C), which will help improve the hatching rate. From the fertilization to the hatching of Astragalus erinaceus, it usually takes 5 to 7 days at 30°C (28 to 38°C) for water temperature and 9 to 11 days for the elderly. It requires water temperature stability and the fertility and hatchability of Astragalus membranaceus in nature. It is 95 to 100%. The embryonic development of Astragalus membranaceus differs from that of general freshwater fishes, and is particularly different from that of carps. Its characteristics are as follows: First, the egg diameter is large, the yolk is large, and the embryo develops for a long time. Strong tolerance. The larvae in the indoor glass tanks live for two months without feeding, but the fish is extremely thin. Second, the same batch of eggs produced by the same family were hatched under the same conditions, and the larvae's filming time was also inconsistent. The difference was about 48 hours. Thirdly, the neural plate appears to be 1/3 to 1/2 of the eggs in the early primitive gastrostocytes of the primitive gut, similar to carp and distinctly different from carp. Fourth, the pectoral fins are formed during the embryonic period and are constantly flapping. After the film emerges, they gradually degenerate and disappear. Seen from the evolutionary process of Huanghua, the ancestors of Huangpi were described as having pectoral fins. Due to long-term adaptation to burrowing, the pectoral fins gradually deteriorated and disappeared. (II) Artificial Propagation Technology The artificial propagation method of Astragalus membranaceus is basically the same as that of other domestic fish, but because of the small amount of spawning (200-600 capsules per tail), the number of broodstock required is large. When selecting and nurturing broodstock, individuals of different lengths must be selected to ensure the coordination of male and female proportions.
The main technical points of jaundice breeding:
1. The choice of intimacy can be obtained from the parent breeding pool, or from the market, as long as the choice is good, artificial breeding can be successful. Females choose to be about 30 cm in length and 150 to 250 grams in weight. The mature females have a spindle-shaped enlargement of the abdomen. The smaller mature females have a transparent zone in the abdomen. The outline of the egg is visible in vitro. The abdomen can be felt soft and elastic by hand and the genital hole is red and swollen. It is better to choose a weight of 200-500 grams. The abdomen is smaller on the abdomen, with fibrinated markings on the ventral surface and swollen reproductive holes. Squeezing the abdomen by hand can squeeze a small amount of transparent semen. Active sperm can be seen under a high magnification microscope.
2. Oxygen production and oxytocosis can be induced by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LRH-A), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and salmon pituitary (PG). One injection of LRH-A was better. The injection dose depends on the size of the broodstock, female 15-50 grams, each injection of LRH-A5 ~ 10 micrograms, 50 ~ 250 grams of female moles, each tail injection of 10 ~ 30 micrograms. Pack the selected intimacy with a dry towel or gauze to prevent slipping. Then inject into the chest cavity. The depth of injection should not exceed 0.5 cm. The amount of LRH-A injected should not exceed 1 ml. Twenty-four hours after injection of the female lice, the male lice were injected and 10-20 μg of LRH-A was injected into each tail. After the injection, the relatives are kept in aquariums or cages. The water in the box should not be too deep, generally 20 to 30 centimeters can be, change the water once a day. When the water temperature is below 25°C, check the same batch of broodstock every 3 hours after the injection for 40 hours. The effect time is often inconsistent, so it should be checked to about 75 hours after the injection. The method of examination is to catch the intimacy and touch the abdomen by hand and move from front to back. If you feel that the egg is free, it means that ovulation begins and artificial insemination should be performed immediately.
3. Artificial insemination Remove the female ovules that begin to ovulate, hold the front part with a dry towel on one hand pad, and squeeze the abdomen with the other hand from front to back. Part of the intimacy can successfully extrude the eggs, but most of the offspring will have a cloacal blockage. At this time, small scissors can be used to cut 0.5 to 1 cm at the cloaca, and then the eggs can be extruded for 3 to 5 consecutive times until they are empty. The ovulation container can be glass or porcelain. After the egg is squeezed into the container, the male cricket is killed immediately. The testis is removed and a small part is placed under a microscope with a magnification of 400 times. If the sperm activity is normal, the scissors can be used. The testis was smashed and placed in an extruded egg, fully stirred (male and female ratio at the time of artificial insemination, depending on the amount of eggs, generally 3 to 5:1), and then added Renji's solution to 200 ml for 5 minutes. Add clean water to wash testicle fragments and bloodstains and put them into an incubator to incubate in still water.
4. Artificial hatching The incubator can use glass jars, porcelain basins, aquariums, small cages, etc. according to the number of eggs to be laid. As long as they are properly managed, they can hatch seedlings. The proportion of quail eggs is greater than that of water. In the case of natural reproduction, the foam that the quail eggs spit out of their relatives floats on the surface of the water to hatch and emerge. When they reproduce artificially, the foam of the floating quail eggs cannot be obtained, and the quail eggs will sink to the bottom. Therefore, the water should not be too deep, generally controlled at about 10 cm. The rate of fertility in artificial reproduction is low, and unfertilized eggs can easily deteriorate after disintegration and should be promptly removed. When hatching in a closed container, be careful to constantly change the water, and do not exceed 5°C when changing the water temperature. When the eggs hatch, the different stages of embryonic development consume different amounts of oxygen. Oxygen consumption per hour per 100 fleas per hour was determined at a water temperature of 24°C. Cell division time was 0.29 mg, blastocyst stage was 0.46 mg, and gastrula stage was 0.53 mg. During the embryonic development, the later the period, the greater the oxygen consumption. Therefore, in the incubation of still water in cylinders and pots, the number of water changes should be increased. 5. Identification of the egg maturation and fertilization of Scutellaria baicalensis. The quail eggs that have just been produced are pale yellow and orange, with a specific gravity greater than that of water and no stickiness. Eggs sucked.
Low Pesticides Goji Berries are tested by Eurofins Tech Service Co.,Ltd.
Which is the authority pesticides testing company of worldwide. This Goji Berries contain less than 0.01mg/kg pesticides.
Low Pesticides Goji Berries
Low Pesticides Goji Berries,Low Pesticide Dried Goji Berry,Low Pesticide Organic Goji Berry,Red Low Pesticide Goji Berries
Ningxia GuoGuoLaoDie Food Co., Ltd. , http://www.lovegojiberries.com