Feeding management of foxes in various biological periods

In the wild state, the fox can choose the habitat and prey food according to his own life needs. In the artificial breeding process, the feed and living conditions are completely provided by humans. Whether the artificial environment is suitable and whether the feed provided can meet the needs of its growth and development, that is, the quality of feeding and management has great influence on the fox's life activities, growth, reproduction, and production of fur. Therefore, we must conduct scientific management based on the growth and development characteristics of the fox in order to increase the productivity of the fox.

Preparation for breeding management

It is generally accepted that the first 1.5-2 months before the breeding of the foxes is to prepare for the breeding period. In fact, the fox is finished from mating, and after the fox has been weaned, the young fox enters the breeding season for the next breeding season from the end of August. The physiological characteristics of preparing foxes for the breeding period are: the growth of winter hairs, and the transfer of genital organs from resting to rapid development.

(I) Breeding for breeding period

The whole fox is ready for the mating period of the breeding task. It is the nutrients needed for the development of the genital organs and for the replacement of wool and reserves wintering period. Because young foxes continue to be in the late stages of growth; adult male foxes spend a lot of their energy during mating and mother foxes during farrowing and lactation. There must be a recovery phase, from late August to early September, male and female fox (including fox The sexual organs begin to develop to meet the arrival of the next breeding season. Therefore, preparing the breeding period is a long-term preparation process. In order to speed up the physical recovery of the fox, the feed nutrient level must remain at the same level after the male fox mating is completed and within 10 to 15 days after weaning. From late August to early September, male and female foxes testicles and ovaries begin to develop, feed nutrition levels have to be improved, silver black foxes per 418KJ (100 kcal) metabolic energy digestible protein 9g; Arctic foxes per 418KJ (100 kcal) Metabolisable energy can digest protein 8g, and add vitamin E 510mg. Only by ensuring the above nutritional level can the normal development of sexual organs be achieved. Silver Black Foxes Since mid-November, the Arctic fox has entered the critical phase of preparation for breeding since mid-December. Feed nutrient requirements are further increased. 418KJ metabolisable energy can digest protein no less than 10g, each day requires vitamin E1015mg. . In this period, if the feeding price is insufficient or insufficient, it can lead to the production of sperm and egg production obstacles, and affect the pregnancy and delivery of the female fox. Take leather fox if malnutrition this time, its plush quality is inferior, the skin length is small, it is bound to reduce economic benefits.

(II) Management of preparing breeding period

In addition to providing nutrients to the fox population in preparation for breeding, it is also necessary to strengthen the feeding and management work during this period.

1. Increasing light illumination is one of the indispensable factors for animal breeding. In order to promote the normal development of the sex organs of the foxes, all foxes should be placed in the morning sun to receive the light.

Practice has proved that light is conducive to sexual organ development and is conducive to estrus and mating.

2, cold and warm preparation for mating late cold climate, especially in the north has entered several nine weather, in order to reduce the fox defense against external cooling and consumption of nutrients, must pay attention to the insulation of the chamber to ensure that the small room with dry, soft mat grass, and use linoleum Paper, plastic cloth, etc., plug the pores of the chamber. For foxes who are urinating in individual storage rooms, they should always check and clean the room and change or supplement the grass.

3. Ensure that the feed intake and adequate drinking water are ready for breeding. Since the temperature is gradually becoming cold in the later period, the feed quickly freezes in the outdoors and affects the fox's feeding. Therefore, when feeding feeds, the temperature should be increased appropriately so that the fox can eat warm food. In addition, water is an indispensable substance for the fox body. In the preparation of the breeding period, the fox population should be provided with drinking water at least 2-3 times a day.

4. Strengthen domestication through domestication such as food induction, so that the fox is not afraid of humans, which is beneficial to reproduction. Especially sound domestication.

5, do a good job in the situation of the kind of fox Fox species of fox body condition and estrus, mating, litter and other closely related to the body too fat or too thin, are not conducive to reproduction. Therefore, in the preparation of breeding period, we must pay attention to the nutritional balance of the fox's body condition, so that the fox has a standard body condition. In actual production work, the method of identifying the condition of a species of foxes is mainly based on eye view and hand touch, combined with weighing data. The body condition can be classified as obesity, moderate, thin, or classified as 1, 2, 3 levels.

Obesity: Hair is smooth and smooth, back is flat, body is thick and slow, and does not love activities. You can't touch the spine and the ribs with your hands. Even with a ditch in the middle of your back, your body fat is very developed. If the male fox is obese, the general sexual desire is low; if the fox is too fat, the ovary is also embedded in too much fat, which affects the normal development of the egg. For the foxes that have been found to be over-fed, the fertility should be reduced by increasing the amount of exercise or by reducing the amount of feed and reducing grass mats in the dens; if the whole group is over-fertilized, the composition of the diet can be changed and the purpose of the diet reduced. Fat content, and reduce the total amount of rations.

Moderate body condition: The coat is smooth, and the body is well-proportioned, flexible in action, plump in muscle, and flat in the abdomen. When you touch the back and ribs with your hands, you can feel both the spine and the ribs. General requirements for male foxes are maintained in the upper middle level, with a body weight of 6.5-7.0 kg; female foxes should maintain a medium body weight and weigh 5.5-6.0 kg.

Slim body condition: The body is rough, unkempt and dull, and the muscles are not plump and lack elasticity. Touch the back and ribs with your hands to feel your hands. The leaner species of foxes, sperms and eggs are all poorly developed, and the estrus period is delayed, leading to a high rate of mismatch. For the leaner species of fox, it is necessary to increase nutrition to achieve the best body condition when entering the breeding period. In addition, before and during the breeding process, the amount of foxes, especially the foxes, should be increased, and cold stimulation should be increased to promote metabolism, enhance vitality, and increase sexual desire.

6. Prepare for pre-breeding Silver and black foxes In mid-January, before the mid-February, the Arctic fox should do a good job of all preparations before mating, repair cages and disinfect once with blowtorches. Prepare mating plans and programs, prepare ready-to-use equipment such as trapping animals or trap nets, gloves, breeding records, medicines, etc., and carry out technical training.

After the above work is completed, feed and management work should be officially transferred to the breeding and management schedule for the breeding period. Before mating, the sexual organs of male foxes and female foxes should be washed once with potassium permanganate 0.1% to prevent endometritis caused by mating. In the later stages of preparation for breeding, attention should be paid to the identification of the estrus of the female fox, which has a tendency to advance year by year. Be well-recorded and be aware of the fact that the estrous fox can mate in time.

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