The "Thermostatic Bed" Theory
More and more pig farmers are recognizing the economic and environmental benefits of using fermentation beds in livestock farming. This innovative method has gained popularity among breeders and is now being widely promoted in China, as well as embraced by aquaculture industries in Europe and America. Those who have used the fermentation bed often notice that the temperature remains stable throughout the year, without the need for extra heating in winter or cooling in summer. For instance, the core layer of a goldfish fermentation bed can reach temperatures between 30°C to 50°C or even higher, while the surface stays consistently around 20°C for years. But why does this happen?
The standard thickness of the Jinbao pig fermentation bed is about 50 cm, with the core fermentation layer located 20–30 cm below the surface. This core generates heat at 30–50°C, which then spreads through the unsterilized or lightly treated litter medium. By the time the heat reaches the surface, it stabilizes at around 20°C. The surface itself doesn’t generate heat because it lacks the conditions necessary for fermentation. Whether it's summer or winter, the heat originates from the core and moves upward.
Moreover, the surface of the fermentation bed constantly exchanges heat with the surrounding environment. When the internal temperature is similar to or higher than the outside air, natural air convection occurs—hot air rises, and cooler air flows in from the sides. This process is further enhanced by mechanical ventilation systems in pig houses, ensuring good airflow and preventing excessive humidity. As a result, during the summer, the bed feels cool and comfortable, eliminating concerns about overheating. In winter, it helps retain warmth, reducing energy costs significantly.
This self-regulating system not only improves animal comfort but also promotes sustainable farming practices by minimizing energy use and waste. It’s no wonder that more farmers are turning to this innovative approach to create a healthier, more efficient, and eco-friendly living environment for their animals.
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