One, the reasons for the prosperous wheat
1. Early sowing. Summer corn harvest soil moisture is good, most farmers used robbing sowing, concentrated in early October sowing. Due to the high temperature after sowing, the young wheat seedlings have early parturition and tillering, and their individual development is fast, resulting in narrow and slender leaves, crowded crowds, and the formation of canopy closure in the field.
2. Large amount of sowing. Some peasant households have inaccurately grasped the characteristics of wheat varieties, and did not reasonably determine the seeding rate according to the characteristics of the varieties and the sowing date. Under the influence of the traditional concept of “having money to buy seeds and no money to buy seedlingsâ€, blindly increasing the seeding rate, the average farmer sowing The amount is 15-20 kg, some even more. After the wheat grows, the wheat seedlings are crowded and prosperous.
3. Fertilizer overdose. Some farmers in the wheat fields with good conditions of water and fertilizer, excessive application of urea or ammonium bicarbonate and other nitrogen fertilizers, resulting in wheat seedlings mad long, serious winter phenomenon.
Second, the long wheat damage
1. Winter and early spring are vulnerable to freezing injury. Due to the prosperous growth of wheat, the growth of wheat is accelerated, which results in the delicate growth of young wheat seedlings, the high number of stems, and the insufficient sugar reserves at the tillering festival. Especially after the young panicle differentiates and enters the Erlang period, the anti-freezing ability is weakened and it is vulnerable to winter freezing damage and late spring damage. Light dead leaves dead, severe frozen ears.
2. It is prone to lodging in the middle and later stages. Wangmiao grows lushly with many stems and leaves, large leaves, poor air and light transmission, weak and tender plants, long internodes at the base, thin stem walls, and less accumulation of dry matter, but poor root development, few secondary roots, and shallow soil . If there is more rain in the spring or a storm in the middle and later periods, the roots will fall and the stems will fall at the same time, resulting in heavy losses.
3. Prone to disease. Under the conditions of high temperature in autumn and winter, the pathogenic bacteria has a large base for overwintering, combined with the poor quality of Wang Miao itself, and its ability to resist disease declines. It is easy to cause sheath blight, powdery mildew, and root rot under suitable conditions (rainy in spring and insufficient light). Occurrence of other diseases.
Third, how to determine the long wheat field
Whether wheat flourishes before wintering can be judged from individual morphology, population status, and reproductive indicators. See the wheat seedlings closely, the leaves are long and large, the leaf sheaths are long and thin, the pseudo stems are long and flat, the leaves are scattered and the plants are very tall; Can be considered as a long wheat field.
Fourth, measures to control wheat growth
1. Early ploughing cuts part of the root system. When it is determined that wheat is growing vigorously, wheat fields with prosperous tendencies should be cultivated early in time, deep in medium tillage, 6-8 cm deep in the wheat rows, cut off part of the root system, and reduce the absorption of nutrients, so as to control the overland part of the crop and cultivate Strong wheat seedlings.
2. Late winter water. Winter irrigation is too early, because the relatively high temperature, can accelerate the growth of wheat seedlings, easy to form wheat prosperous. The winter wheat irrigation time is generally controlled before and after the snow, the daily average temperature starts at 8°C-7°C and ends at 5°C-4°C. The field standard should be "night freezing and eliminating." It is necessary to ensure the safe winter wheat, but also to prevent wheat growth.
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