Is dicyandiamide in milk powder the source of milk powder?

Some New Zealand Fonterra Group dairy products were exposed to possible contamination with botulinum bacteria. The news of Fonterra milk powder suspected of containing dicyandiamide was transmitted from Sri Lanka. The name dicyandiamide is reminiscent of melamine, the protagonist of "poisoned milk powder". Is that dicyandiamide another source of powdered milk?

First, toxicity is high and low

From the chemical structure point of view, dicyandiamide can be said to be the "brother" of the famous melamine, it is a dimer of cyanamide, and melamine is a trimer of cyanamide. Their chemical toxicity is very low.

For example, the “half lethal dose”, a measure of toxicity, was used to examine the median lethal dose of dicyandiamide in rats by more than 10 grams, that is, to kill half of the mice in the experiment and to receive dicyandiamide per kilogram of body weight. To more than 10 grams. The median lethal dose of salt is 3 grams.

However, it cannot be said that dicyandiamide has no impact on health, and it is lacking experimental data on the extent to which it will affect physical health. For example, melamine, which is also low in toxicity, does not pose a problem for small amounts of adult intake. However, it is high in milk powder and is ingested in large amounts by infants, causing problems such as stones.

Second, how to enter milk powder

There are two ways to get dicyandiamide into milk powder. The first possible route is that, like melamine, it is actively blended with milk powder by unscrupulous merchants. This is because the ratio of nitrogenous elements in dicyandiamide and melamine is relatively high, and some methods to detect milk powder simply use the nitrogen content as a criterion to judge the protein content. To add large amounts of melamine and dicyandiamide to milk powder can Shoddy.

This type of powdered milk is not only lack of nutritional value, it will make the baby stunted, but also may cause a series of health problems due to the large intake of melamine and dicyandiamide, so it is a poisonous milk powder that people hate.

However, in the event that Fonterra milk powder was suspected of containing dicyandiamide, dicyandiamide was likely to enter milk powder through another route, that is, from the chemical fertilizer to pasture to the food chain route of dairy cows, milk, and milk powder. Some ranches in New Zealand have used chemical fertilizers containing dicyandiamide because they can increase pasture production and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

When New Zealand authorities approved the use of this fertilizer, it is believed that even if dicyandiamide enters milk and milk powder through the food chain, its content will be small and will not cause health problems.

Third, the attitude of all parties

Despite the low toxicity of dicyandiamide and probably only the food chain in milk powder, all parties are still cautious about this. For example, the Sri Lankan Ministry of Health ordered the recall of Fonterra Group's two batches of powdered milk because of the detection of dicyandiamide by Sri Lankan institutions. It should be noted that the Fonterra Group does not agree with the results of the Sri Lankan agency's testing. No dicyandiamide was found in its self-examination.

However, in January this year, Fonterra did acknowledge that a small amount of dicyandiamide was detected in some batches of milk powder. The group stated that these dicyandiamides are derived from chemical fertilizers and that the amount of residues in milk powder is very small and have no impact on health. In the announcement, they said: “A person weighing 60 kg must drink more than 130 liters of liquid milk per day, or Ingesting more than 60 kilograms of milk powder will meet the daily acceptable limits set by the European Commission."

Despite this, the New Zealand government and related companies have subsequently suspended the use of chemical fertilizer containing dicyandiamide in pastures to demonstrate a “zero tolerance” attitude towards food safety.

Looking at the “poisoned milk powder” incident several times, melamine was low in toxicity but was added in large quantities. Botox contained low levels in milk powder but was extremely toxic to botulinum, and dicyandiamide was low in toxicity, causing widespread concern and being Serious treatment shows that caution is an eternal theme in food safety. (Reporter Huang Hao)

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