Alas, the leek field in Shandong Province has occurred throughout the year and has been increasing year by year. It is the enemy of leek production and seriously affects the yield and quality of leek. Chemical control is easy to cause pollution of leeks. In order to ensure food safety, improve the quality of leeks, and increase the economic benefits of growing vegetables, the non-chemical pesticide control technologies are described below.
Agricultural control
1. Strengthen field management: Use new soil for seedbeds, soak seeds for germination when growing seedlings, and expose roots for 1–2 days before transplanting. Choose no bulbs when transplanting. Before the spring sheds and leeks sprouted in the open season, the dead leaves and weeds were removed, and then slashes were made between the rows and between the piers. Using a tool to remove the tufts of soil from the tuft of soil and drying the soil for 7 to 10 days, the larvae can be sun dried.
2. Rotation for crops: According to the degree of crop rotation, the appropriate crop rotation time can be determined. After planting leeks for 3 to 4 years, it can be used in rotation with other crops (except onion and garlic). This is not only beneficial to the growth of leeks, but also can reduce leeks. And other pests and diseases.
3. Rational fertilization: Use adequately cooked organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Add 20 kg of lime powder per cubic meter of manure, mix well and then apply it to the field. Fertilization should be deepened to reduce the spawning of seed fly and effectively reduce the damage of earthworms. It also advocates the use of commercially available organic fertilizers and organic-inorganic compound fertilizers sold in the market.
4. The use of plant ash can be carried out in the early spring or after the harvest of leeks. Sprinkle the plant ash (without Yu Linlin) on the surface of the sash, and mix the smuts thoroughly, so that the ash is mixed in the soil, or open the ditch (in order to see the root is appropriate) in the ditch, and cover the soil. The application of ash to alfalfa is not conducive to alfalfa life, thus playing a preventive and control role, loosening the soil, increasing the amount of phosphorus and potassium, making the young leeks seedlings strong and increasing their yield.
5. Ammonia fertilizer control: during the growth of leeks, use 15 to 25 kg of ammonia per 667 square meters, 80-100 times diluted, irrigated or flushed with water, both have a significant role in killing fleas. In combination with watering, 15-20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate can be applied with 667 square meters of water, which can also effectively kill larvae.
6. Pouring urine: After each harvest of leeks, immediately use fresh urine to pour the vegetables. When the soil is moist, it is not water. When the soil is dry, it is 50% water. In this way, the soil surface is often in a dry state, and the tiny eggs cannot hatch. Suitable for small farmers to implement.
7. Copper sulfate smashing: When helium occurs, 1 to 1.5 kg of copper sulfate per 667 square meters, 150 to 200 kg of water, watering the root of leeks can be combined with watering.
8. The cover film prevents spawning: After the harvest, the leek flutters over the vegetable field, attracting a large number of adult eggs. Therefore, immediately after harvest, cover the plastic film on the leeks and wait for 3-5 days. After the leek wounds healed and the leeks taste disappeared, the plastic film was removed.
9. Irrigation with water: In the spring and autumn, when the larvae occur in the spring and autumn, the leeks inundate the roots and submerge the roots for 2-3 days; the sheds and leeks are irrigated in winter and spring in the late November and early March of the following year respectively. A serious field crop occurs in the earthworms, and the amount of water to be flooded is to flood the ridge base. This can significantly reduce the hazard.
10. Subsurface drip irrigation: In the growing season of leeks, the use of subsurface drip irrigation to supply water to keep the surface of the soil dry is not conducive to spawning of late eyes, reduce the density of locust worms, and mitigate harm.
Physical control
1. Application of insect nets: Covering insect nets can provide effective isolation for late-infested ticks. Before the emergence of adult eclosion, the larvae field will be covered with insect nets for more than 30 days. To tightly press and connect the seams, two doors inside and outside the door should be set up, and two sticky boards (yellow boards) can be placed inside the door to prevent adult insects from flying in. The control effect can reach more than 90%.
2. With sweet and sour liquid, the proportion of adult worms: liquor, water, sugar, vinegar and trichlorfon is 1:10:3:3:0.6. 13 pots per 667 square meters are set, and sweet and sour liquid is added at any time to keep it dry. .
3. Light trapping adult worms: Using the phototaxis of adults, a few fluorescent lamps are set in the leek field at night, and a lamp is placed under the lamps at night, which can induce them to fling the lights and die.
4. Sticking killing adult worms: Adult worms can be used to kill adult worms at the age of adult worms by mixing 4 parts of atactic polypropylene tackifier with 6 parts of engine oil and stirring at 30°C in constant temperature water to make 40% Paste glue, applied to both sides of the armyworm board (40 cm X 30 cm), glue thickness 1 mm, height 55-75 cm, 60 sticks per 667 square meters. It is also possible to use an insect stickworm board (yellow plate) to kill adult insects.
Biological control
1. Root sorghum: Root sorghum is a highly effective biological agent. Its main component is the pseudo-monospora fluorescens which produce a new type of insect-resistant protein and can effectively control various underground pests. For every 667 square meters, 300 ml of AS containing fluorescence of Pseudomonas sp.
2. Su bacteria female Bacillus thuringiensis: Bacillus thuringiensis has good control effect on cockroaches, and has a longer effective period.
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