Recently, a large number of mushroom farmers consulted with the cultivation technique of Morchella, and it was reported that they saw an ad saying: "Morel is easy to cultivate and can be produced before and after the house..." For this reason, this edition has consulted specially. Professor Shen Jinwen, an edible mushroom cultivation expert from Henan Agricultural University.
According to Professor Shen Jinwen’s introduction, Morchella oleifera, commonly known as Goat and Mushroom, is named because of its bumpy surface and its shape resembles Yangdu (stomach). It is a precious rare edible mushroom in the world and contains various human needs. The amino acid has high nutritional value. The history of Morchella has been studied for nearly 100 years, and its contents are numerous. Its artificial domestication cultivation has always been one of the topics researched and explored by mycologists at home and abroad. In recent years, there have been many reports on Morchella in China, which are mainly limited to primary tasks such as resource inspection, isolation and identification of strains, and testing of sclerotial conditions.
As Morchella has special biological characteristics, it is extremely difficult to achieve artificial cultivation. Most edible fungi belong to basidiomycetes, and once the single hyphae of Basidiomycetes form a double-nucleated mycelia by a single cell, they only need to supply essential nutrients and new fruiting bodies can be produced each year. As for the Morchella fungus belonging to Ascomycetes, the haploid hyphae need to be formed by the somatic cells to form a double-nucleated hyphae each time a fruit body is produced. Therefore, the cultivation of Morchella esculenta has the dual difficulty of both promoting the formation of fruit-body primordium and inducing the formation of dual-nucleated mycelium, and it is much more difficult to cultivate than basidiomycetes.
Now more commonly known as the Morchella cultivar that can be artificially cultivated in the market, is not the authentic Morchella but the genus Morchella. Such as black vein morel, taper morchella, delicious Morchella, Morchella abortus, although the above types have similar effects with the genuine, but its value is still far behind the genuine Morchella.
Professor Shen Jinwen said that although there have been reports at home and abroad that artificial cultivation of Morchella has been achieved, the current artificial cultivation techniques are still immature. No successful commercial cultivation of Morchella has been reported so far. During the artificial cultivation of Morchella, there are still some technical problems that have not been completely resolved.
Therefore, to remind the majority of growers, before the scientists have yet to form a complete and mature artificial cultivation technique for Morchella, treat business advertisements with calmness and not be fooled.
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