To ensure the quality of meat from local chicken breeds and to promote faster growth, castration is an essential practice. One common method used in many regions is the use of castration forceps, which allows for quick and effective removal of the testicles. With proper training, a person can successfully castrate around 30 chickens per hour.
The procedure begins by securing the chicken's legs and wings with a small rope on a stool or wooden board. A small area of feathers, approximately 1 cm away from the midline of the back, is removed in the last intercostal space. This area is then cleaned with an alcohol swab to prevent infection. Using a scalpel, a 1.5 cm incision is made through the skin and subcutaneous tissue along the rib cage, carefully breaking the peritoneum. With the left hand gently lifting the ribs, the castration forceps are inserted into the incision. Once inside, the forceps are turned 90 degrees and used to press down on the intestines, revealing the two beige testicles located on either side of the spine. The jaws of the forceps are then opened, and the testicles are gently clamped and removed.
Tips for success: 1. Beginners should first remove one testicle, then turn the chicken over to remove the other. Once experienced, both testicles can be removed in a single operation. 2. If the incision is too large, it’s recommended to suture it with 1-2 stitches. 3. In case of abdominal herniation after surgery, a small incision can be made above the hernia to release the pressure. 4. Newcomers may struggle to locate the testicles. Check if the incision is clear, if the intestines are properly pushed aside, and if the forceps are aligned correctly. 5. During the procedure, avoid moving the chicken until the forceps are fully inside the abdominal cavity to prevent damage to the kidneys, which could lead to the chicken's death.
By following these steps and tips, the castration process becomes more efficient and less stressful for both the handler and the chicken. It’s important to practice regularly and observe the results to improve technique over time. Proper care after the procedure also plays a vital role in ensuring the chicken recovers quickly and remains healthy.
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