"If you've been driving a tractor for over 10 years, you end up repairing it several times a year and dealing with a lot of spare parts. It's really frustrating because the market is too chaotic," said Chen Guilin, an agricultural farmer from Anhui Province, while discussing maintenance issues.
"Parts like pistons, valves, tubes, bearings, and rubber belts directly affect the safety and reliability of the entire machine. Farmers want to know exactly what they're buying," said Zhang Quanfa, a farmer from Sichuan.
The range of agricultural machinery spare parts is vast—covering engine components, tractors, combine harvesters, chassis parts, farming tools, on-site equipment, and processing machines. There are almost 10,000 different types. However, during field investigations in areas like Anhui and Sichuan, it was found that most of these parts come from roadside repair shops or unregistered small stores. Many lack proper certification, manuals, or even basic technical standards.
One major problem farmers face is poor quality parts and inconsistent after-sales service. Ma Mou, a farmer from Anhui, shared his experience: "My tractor’s rear axle gear broke, but there were no local repair shops or spare parts available. I had to send the damaged part back to the manufacturer, who fixed it and sent it back. But less than six months later, it broke again."
Farmers also reported that some product manuals are unclear, leading to improper use and higher maintenance costs. For example, some agricultural vehicle manufacturers advertise engines with high power and speed, misleading farmers into overloading or overspeeding operations. This has resulted in broken frames, axles, and even rollover accidents. Some four-wheel agricultural vehicles, designed for only 0.5 tons, are often overloaded with 3–4 tons, causing repeated axle failures—sometimes multiple times a year.
Reporters found that certain parts, such as spline shafts, rotary knives, hammers, sieves, and intake/exhaust valves, are most likely to have quality issues. In rural areas, many parts are cheaply made, used, or refitted. Some even use scrap materials like old railway tracks to produce components, which don’t meet the required standards. To cut costs, some manufacturers repurpose old parts, like using old air valves as small ones for the repair market.
Industry insiders revealed that some suppliers send qualified parts to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) but sell substandard ones on the open market. Many small workshops lack proper facilities, and workers are often seasonal laborers or former farmers with little training. Some parts are not heat-treated properly, or simply labeled without following any standard. These products then enter the wholesale and retail markets, contributing to a chaotic distribution system and the sale of counterfeit goods.
Additionally, non-standard "three guarantees" policies cause problems for farmers. While companies set their own terms—ranging from three months to a year—the actual coverage varies. Since the 1998 "Three Guarantees Regulations for Agricultural Machinery," many sellers still refuse to cover consumables, electrical components, or rubber parts. For example, tractor tires are often only covered for a few months.
Because farmers are unaware of these policies, they often miss the deadline for repairs. If they don’t act quickly, they lose their rights and must pay out of pocket. During repairs, operators may not fill out warranty forms, or they might tear them up after writing, leaving farmers without proof. Some even require farmers to sign before repairs, refusing to fix the issue if the farmer insists on signing after the work is done. If a part is returned due to quality issues, depreciation fees are often charged.
Worn-out pistons and crankshafts, along with oil leaks, are common issues. Many farmers have faced these problems. As one put it, "We not only want to buy good-quality agricultural equipment, but we also hope to use genuine, standardized spare parts."
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