Mushrooms in the Ru Ru phase can often experience issues such as bud withering, yellowing, and eventual death due to poor management or adverse environmental conditions. In severe cases, entire batches of small mushrooms may die. The main causes of these problems include:
1. **Inadequate nutrients in the growing medium** can lead to over-crowding of fruit bodies on the soil surface. If mushroom growers are careless during operations, they might damage surrounding mushrooms, which disrupts their normal growth and ultimately leads to mushroom death.
2. **Sudden temperature increases**, especially when temperatures reach 21-25°C for several consecutive days, can accelerate water evaporation and metabolic activity in the mushrooms. This creates a demand for more water and nutrients than the system can supply, leading to dehydration and starvation, which results in wilting and death.
3. **Poor ventilation** in the mushroom house can cause carbon dioxide levels to rise, creating an oxygen-deficient environment. This is particularly harmful to young mushrooms, and the problem becomes more severe at higher temperatures.
4. **Mushrooms are highly sensitive to moisture levels**. If the cover soil isn't properly hydrated, or if excessive water is sprayed during mushrooming, it can lead to waterlogging or leaching of the culture material. This disrupts the mycelium's ability to absorb nutrients, causing the mushrooms to wither and die.
5. **pH imbalance** is another key factor. The ideal pH range for mycelial growth is 6–8. If the cover soil or irrigation water has a pH below 5 during the fruiting stage, it can lead to mushroom death due to unfavorable conditions for growth.
6. **Excessive use of pesticides** can result in phytotoxicity, causing large numbers of mushrooms to die. If the mushrooms turn red or brown after pesticide application, and no pathogens are found, it’s likely due to chemical damage rather than disease.
**Prevention Strategies:**
1. During the transfer of the overburden layer, ensure that any exposed mycelium is pressed back into the soil to prevent it from growing out and becoming too dense, which can reduce air circulation and increase competition among mushrooms.
2. In the later stages of spring mushroom cultivation, keep the mushroom house cool to avoid heat stress, which can severely impact mushroom health.
3. Improve ventilation regularly. Proper airflow helps reduce humidity, prevents the buildup of carbon dioxide, and minimizes the risk of fungal infections.
4. Water management should be done carefully, taking into account weather conditions, the stage of mushroom growth, and the quality of the water. Follow principles like "spray more when there's sun, less when it's rainy," and "water the mushrooms, not the bed." Ensure water is clean, consistent, and applied appropriately to avoid over-saturation or under-watering.
5. When using pesticides, always follow recommended concentrations strictly. Overuse can lead to phytotoxic effects, which can cause significant damage to the mushroom crop without visible signs of disease.
By implementing these practices, growers can significantly reduce the risk of mushroom death and maintain healthy, productive crops throughout the growing season.
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