Dingzhou City Dongguancun, Xili Yuancun, Dongli Yuancun is a traditional leeks production professional village, perennial planting area of ​​more than 10,000 acres. In recent years, under the guidance of agricultural technicians, the farmers here have mastered the new technology of producing leeks in small sheds. The use of small sheds for the production of leeks in the winter has the characteristics of low investment, high returns, and easy management. Products are generally sold during the winter season and before and during the peak season of the Spring Festival. The prices are relatively high, and considerable economic benefits can be achieved. The average yield per mu can reach 3,000-4,000 kilograms, equivalent to 5000 yuan per mu, and its production technology and experience are summarized as follows:
First, species selection should be selected resistance to diseases and insects, cold resistance, low light resistance, good commercial, high-yield, storage-resistant varieties, such as: Henan 791, Tianjin, Huang Han seedlings, Hanzhong winter wolfberry and other fine varieties.
2. Management before buckle shed and cut off the dead leaves on the ground before and after winter and remove the maggots, spray and disinfect with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution, and use 50% carbendazim and 50% skeletal wettable powder. Shun ridge irrigation spout root, prevention of tinea and gray mold. In the leeches between leeks and ridges, fertilizer is applied between 1000-2000 kg/mu of organic fertilizer, 300-500 kg of mature chicken manure, 50 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and appropriate amounts of ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, and manganese sulfate. Micro fat. After fertilizing, pour it once and allow the water to infiltrate. Spread a layer of 1-2 cm thick sand on the ridge. Before and after winter boot shed. The arch shed is 3 meters wide, 1 to 1.2 meters high, 50 to 70 meters long, and extends east and west. The arches were made of 5 cm wide bamboo pieces with an arch spacing of 50-60 cm. Wooden sticks were used as the pillars, and the vault and both ends were connected with iron wire. After the film is covered, every 1.5-2 meters is compressed with a laminating line to cover the grasshoppers, and the corn barrier is used to set up the wind barrier on the north side.
Third, after the shed, the temperature and humidity management buckle sheds generally do not have to lift the film to release the air, keep it at 28-30°C during the day and 10-12°C at night. After the leeks germinate, the shed temperature is controlled at 15-24°C during the day. When the temperature exceeds 25°C, pay attention to exhale and release moisture. At night, grasp at 10-12°C, minimum is not lower than 5°C. If the temperature decreases, cover the grasshopper insulation at night. Relative humidity is maintained at 60 to 70%. Before each harvest of leeks, it is necessary to reduce the shed temperature 5-7 days before the harvest to thicken the leaves, dark green leaves, and improve product quality. The post-harvest shed temperature can be increased by 2-3°C to promote sprouting. During the subsequent growth of each knife, the upper limit of control temperature is 2-3°C higher than the previous one, but it cannot exceed 30°C. The temperature difference between day and night is controlled at 10-15 °C.
IV. Management of fertilizer and water after baiting. During the growth of head leeks, it is not necessary to top-dress water to prevent ground temperature and humidity from increasing. The head knife leek harvested 7-10 days after harvest water, leek grow to 10-15 cm when poured again. The third knife Leek water management with the second knife. After the shed, each time the amount of watering is small, avoid flooding. Combined with water topdressing potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, per acre Shunshui Shi 5-10 kg. Before harvesting, some foliar fertilizers and auxin may be sprayed in conjunction with spraying to promote vigorous plant growth.
V. Prevention and Control of Major Diseases and Insect Pests Because of the relatively high humidity in the closed environment of the arch shed, it is very easy to cause the occurrence of diseases such as gray mold and epidemics. The main prevention and control measures are prevention and comprehensive prevention and control. First of all, we should choose land plots with dry terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, and try to avoid high temperature and high humidity during the growth of leeks. Gray mold can be used 50% fasting WP 1000-1500 times or 5% mothionine WP 800-1000 times control, spray every 7-10 days; the disease can choose 75% of chlorothalonil Clear WP 500-600 times or 58% metalaxyl MnZn wettable powder 500 times spray control, spray 7-10 days; wolfberry can be used 50% phoxim 800-1000 times Irrigation root.
6. Timely harvesting For annual roots, harvest 2–30%, for roots older than 2 years, harvest 3-4%. The leek uses 7 leaves and 1 heart as the harvesting standards. The harvest is best in the early morning. When harvesting, it is advisable to cut the yellow leaf sheath at 3-4 cm on the bulb. Edges are cut and tied, so as to keep fresh leek and prevent loss of water or frost, during the transportation process, insulation materials such as quilts should be covered on the basket to increase the value of the goods.
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