First, the hazard of excessive application of chemical fertilizers
1. Deterioration of soil properties
When large amounts of single-element fertilizers are applied to farmland, their nutrients cannot be effectively absorbed and utilized by crops. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are easily contaminated by the soil to form various chemical salts and accumulate in the soil, causing imbalance in soil nutrient structure. Physical traits have deteriorated, and some plots of harmful metals and harmful bacteria have exceeded standards, leading to deterioration of soil properties.
2. Decreased product quality
Partial application of certain chemical fertilizers results in malnutrition of the crops, impairs the synthesis and synthesis of some substances in the body, and results in a decrease in the quality of the products. For example, the current fruits are not sweet, the vegetables are not fragrant, and they are easily rot and cannot be stored. The reasons are as follows: Excess chemical fertilizer.
3. Lead to environmental pollution
Due to the excessive application of chemical fertilizers, water-soluble nutrients and other substances in the soil are leached into groundwater and rivers by rainwater and farmland irrigation, resulting in contamination of groundwater and rivers in some areas, resulting in eutrophication of groundwater, rivers, and lakes. It is easy to drink, fish and shrimp in some rivers and lakes often die.
4. Resulting in a high ratio of production to income
The first is limited by factors such as the cultivation level of cultivation and the amount of fertilizer required by crops. The crop cannot obtain high yields. Second, due to the excessive application of a single fertilizer, resulting in imbalance of nutrients, malnutrition, and only increased costs. The increase in output has caused low-quality agricultural products to be difficult to sell or have a low price, which has caused losses to farmers.
Second, countermeasures
1. In the fertilization of crops, we must change the traditional way in the past and change blind fertilization to optimize formula fertilization.
2. It is necessary to strengthen and improve various technical measures in formula fertilization. In the process of formula fertilization, it is necessary to enrich and perfect fertilization parameters, such as nutrient absorption per unit yield, soil nutrient use efficiency, and chemical fertilizer utilization rate. These parameters are also changing along with the changes in production conditions, which are the basis for the original test soil and plant nutrient requirements. At the same time, new environmental conditions analysis items (such as water quality, soil hazardous material content, fertilizer and pesticide pollution, etc.) have been added to continuously enrich fertilization parameters and optimize formula fertilization.
3. To increase the proportion of organic fertilizer in formula fertilization. Organic manure has the characteristics of complete nutrients, long-term fertilizer efficiency and no pollution. High-efficiency organic manure can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil water storage and fertilizer retention capacity, improve soil physicochemical properties and aggregate structure, and improve the quality of agricultural products.
4. To increase the use of trace fertilizers and biological fertilizers. The micro-fertilizer can balance the nutrient needed for the crop, and the biological fertilizer can secrete physiologically active substances through the micro-organisms contained in the micro-fertilizer, which can play a role in nitrogen fixation, phosphorus release, potassium release, decomposition of other micronutrients in the soil, and increase of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers. The utilization rate improves soil physical and chemical properties so that soil can supply various nutrients to crops, promote crop growth, increase crop yield and product quality, and at the same time decompose harmful chemical substances in the soil and kill harmful bacteria and reduce fertilizers. Residues of pesticides and harmful bacteria.
5. To coordinate the relationship between a large number of elements and trace elements. In formula fertilization, people often attach importance to the use of large quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while neglecting the application of trace element fertilizers. The addition of trace elements or spraying of trace element growth agents and composite biological growth agents can provide balanced supply of nutrients, promote rapid transformation of nutrients in crops, reduce the accumulation of harmful substances, and promote disease resistance, disease prevention, and increase production and increase of crops. A good way to quality
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