The use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers to control crop pests and diseases is not only economical, safe, and effective, but also can save pesticides. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of fertilizing and not damaging natural enemies and not polluting the environment. It can be described as a multi-purpose system, and it is worth promoting in production.
Nitrogen fertilizer 1 Ammonium hydrogencarbonate such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia water has strong volatility, and it has certain irritating, corrosive and fumigating effects on pests, especially for insects with small size and weak endurance such as red spider, aphid, and thrips. . Application method: spray evenly with 1% ammonium bicarbonate or 0.5% ammonia solution, spray once every 5 to 7 days, spray 2 to 3 times. 2Urea has the effect of destroying the chitin of insects. It is prepared by mixing urea, washing powder and water in a ratio of 4:1:400. It is used to kill locusts and cabbage worms that damage cotton, vegetables and flowers. Red spiders and other pests have good control effects. 3 When sporadic wheat rust occurs, spray with 50% fresh urine or 3% ammonium sulfate solution works well.
Phosphate Fertilizer 1 The oxalic acid secreted by the glandular hairs on the cotton head of the cotton bud has an attractive effect on the cotton bollworm moth. In the adult stage of cotton bollworm, the 1% to 2% superphosphate calcium leaching solution is used as foliar spray fertilizer to make oxalic acid become calcium oxalate. Loss of attraction to the bollworm. In this way, the amount of eggs laid in the cotton field can be reduced by 33.3% to 73.4%, with an average of 55%; the duration of each spraying of phosphorus is generally 2 to 3 days. 2 Tomato umbilical rot is a physiological disease caused by plant calcium deficiency. From the beginning of the tomato flowering period, 1% superphosphate leachate was sprayed once every half month, and sprayed 2 to 3 times. The effect of disease prevention was obvious.
Potassium potassium fertilizer can enhance the resistance of crops, and application of potassium fertilizer has an inhibitory effect on a variety of crop diseases and insect pests. According to reports, 71% and 75% of the 740 fungal diseases and 68 bacterial diseases were reduced due to potassium, and 59% of the 230 species of insect pests were attenuated. In production, the most directly used potassium fertilizer for controlling crop diseases and pests is plant ash. Plant ash is a kind of high-quality potassium fertilizer, but also contains phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and other nutrients. 10 kg of plant ash, 50 kg of water, soaked for 24 hours, filtered and sprayed with filtrate, can effectively kill the aphids on the crop; in the cotton seedling stage, 20-25 kg of plant ash per acre, along the ridge to spread, can improve Ground temperature, to reduce the occurrence of cotton blight, anthrax, red rot, etc.; before the onion, garlic or leeks ditch planting, 20 kg per acre of plant ash, applied to the ditch. Or in the onion of scallions, garlic, sorghum and other vegetables, spraying 15 kg of ash per acre, and then scratching and covering the soil, can significantly reduce the damage of root pods, and increase the yield of vegetables by 15% to 20%; in wheat sheath blight At the time of the first occurrence, 30 to 40 kg of ash per acre was used. When the dew had not yet dried in the morning, the ridge was scattered at the base of the wheat plant. This had a certain effect on controlling the spread of diseases. For the fruit trees with root rot, the root soil was cut first, and scraped. Go to the root canal of the disease and dry it slightly, and then bury 2.5 to 5 kg of plant ash per plant. After about 1 to 2 months, the diseased tree can issue new roots.
After silicon-calcium fertilizer is applied to the silicon-calcium fertilizer crop, most of the silicon is accumulated in the epidermal cells of the crop, forming a very hard epidermis layer.
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