Disease Resistance Medicine - Phosphorus and Potassium

Phosphorus and potassium are good medicines for disease resistance of crops. Rational application of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer can not only prevent and control physiological diseases of crops, but also prevent infectious diseases. Many diseases of crops can be alleviated by increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. For example, a wheat field containing 25-40 kg of superphosphate and 5 kg of potassium chloride per 667 square meters can reduce the incidence of wheat rust, and its control effect is not lower than Bordeaux mixture. The main reason why phosphorus and potassium can control the physiological diseases of crops is that some physiological diseases are caused by phosphorus deficiency or potassium deficiency. Phosphorus and potassium can promote the synthesis of cellulose and lignin in crops, promote the formation and thickening of the cuticle, make the crops harden, and pathogens and virus diseases are not easy to invade. Phosphorus can promote the formation of phenolic compounds, while phenolic compounds can inhibit the germination of certain fungal spores. Rice can promote the absorption of phosphorus in the silicon, so that rice plants cells increased suicide, silicide strong degree of rice is also strong disease resistance, increased crop phosphorus, the potassium, stem hard, will not lower plant lodging, while the blade Phi so that the field temperature and humidity increased, and thus the incidence decreases. Plant pathogenic bacteria invade the body, typically only use simple inorganic and organic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can promote the synthesis of proteins and other organic molecules, and inorganic nitrogen vivo crop relatively simple organic compounds decrease, not conducive to propagation of the pathogen, and facilitate The improvement of crop disease resistance; Phosphorus can promote the strengthening of respiration and oxidation. When pathogenic microorganisms invade the crop, they can produce certain toxins to poison the bacteria. Increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can also reduce the degree of dehydration of diseased crops and compensate for the loss of nutrients and moisture caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Although phosphorus and potassium are a large number of elements necessary for crops and "good medicines" for disease resistance, they are not as good as possible. Excessive application of P and K fertilizers is not only wasteful, but also has adverse effects on crop growth and development. If too much phosphorus is applied to rice, it can inhibit its absorption of certain trace elements (such as zinc, etc.), resulting in underdeveloped root systems and reduced tillering, resulting in the phenomenon of "foot phosphorus stiffness." Therefore, according to different crops, different soil and other specific conditions, scientific application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer. Generally, it is more economical and reasonable to apply high quality phosphate fertilizer 20-40 kg, potassium chloride 7-8 kg or potassium sulfate 8-12 kg per 667 square meters.

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