At present, in our country's vegetable production, due to the long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizers and a large number of high-toxicity and high-residue pesticides, the output of vegetables has been rising, but the quality has been declining, which has seriously affected people's quality of life and health. The comprehensive application of biogas resources (including biogas, biogas slurry, and biogas residue) can not only effectively solve this problem in vegetable production, but also be an ideal fertilizer for the production of pollution-free vegetables, with no pollution, no residue, and comprehensive nutrition. The comprehensive application of vegetable biogas resources in greenhouses is now presented as an introduction.
1. Advantages of biogas resources
Biogas resources include biogas, biogas slurry, and biogas residue. The igniting of the biogas can increase the temperature of greenhouse vegetables and provide carbon dioxide, so as to solve the problem of low temperature of vegetables in winter greenhouses and insufficient photosynthesis of vegetables. Biogas slurry and biogas residue are used as vegetable topdressing, in addition to satisfying the requirements of vegetable production and development on NPK and other mineral nutrition, compared with common chemical fertilizers, there are two advantages: First, biogas slurry, biogas residue Contain organic matter, humic acid, etc., can play an important role in improving the soil, can reduce the soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, improve the soil pellet structure, promote the absorption of vegetable roots for various nutrients; second, there is biogas slurry, biogas residue Some incompletely decomposed raw materials can continue to decompose after being applied to the vegetable field, slowly releasing nutrients, and long-term fertilization for vegetable fields.
2. Application of biogas resources
2.1 The application of biogas
The carbon dioxide concentration in the carbon dioxide shed is less than 100 ml/l, which seriously affects the photosynthesis of vegetables. By igniting 4 lamps and 1 furnace, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse can be set to 1000 to 1300 ml/l to meet the needs of vegetable growth.
Increase the temperature of burning gas per cubic meter of methane is 21000 ~ 23000 kJ, in an area of ​​0.5 acres of vegetable greenhouses, when the morning temperature is low when the ignition of biogas, can provide about 46000 kJ heat for the greenhouse, so that the temperature within the greenhouse 2～3°C, it can prevent freezing injury.
2.2 The application of biogas slurry Biogas slurry contains rich soluble inorganic salts, and also contains many nutrients. It is a kind of quick-acting fertilizer and has the effect that crops directly absorb its nutrition, antibacterial, and stress resistance. According to the survey, during the fruiting period of tomato, the biogas slurry is sprayed on the leaf surface for 1.5 to 1.5 times and the application of 30 to 50 kg per mu, which can increase the yield by more than 20%, and effectively control the late blight of tomatoes. The occurrence of mildew. Cucumber in the nursery period, the biogas slurry four times the water sprayed, not only can make the seedlings grow vigorously, but not leggy, Miao Qi Miao Zhuang; In the flowering period, the results of the period, the biogas slurry to the water twice as leaves Spraying on the surface can increase plant stem diameter, shorten the internodes, increase the leaf area, increase the number of single plants and increase the number of melons by 7% to 9%, and can promote knotted melons. Increase production by more than 20%.
2.3 Application of biogas residue Biogas residue has a more comprehensive nutrient content. It is determined that the residue contains 36% to 49% of organic matter, 10.1% to 24.6% of humic acid, 5% to 9% of crude protein, 0.8% to 1.5% of total nitrogen, 0.4% to 0.6% of total phosphorus, and 0.6% of total potassium. ~1.2%, also contains some other mineral components, is a high-quality organic fertilizer. The shed room can be used as a base fertilizer, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers. A shed of about 0.5 mu can be applied to 1500 kg of methane residue as base fertilizer before planting so as to meet the requirements of ecological agriculture.
3. Precautions for the use of biogas resources
3.1 When using biogas to provide carbon dioxide and increase the temperature, it is necessary to ensure that the greenhouse is tight, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted must be strictly determined. Under normal circumstances, the greenhouse application concentration is 0.08% to 0.10%, and the initial concentration of the nursery is 0.05%, and then gradually increase. The sunny days were cast at the prescribed concentration, and the cloudy days were reduced to cast concentration, and the rain and snow days were stopped.
3.2 When biogas slurry is used as top dressing, it should be taken out of the digester discharge room for more than one month of normal gas output; in order to increase the fruit setting rate and fruit setting rate of fruits and vegetables, it can be used during budding period, flowering period and fruit enlargement period. Adding 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the biogas slurry can increase its yield and quality. In order to enhance the control effect of biogas slurry on pests, a small amount of dimethoate EC can be added.
3.3 When the residue is used as topdressing, it can not be used immediately after being out of the pool. It is used as biogas residue of greenhouse vegetable. Before the application, the biogas residue should be accumulated in the plastic film outside the greenhouse for about 10 days to allow it to fully decompose, so as not to cause vegetable burning. And toxic gas damage.
3.4 The vegetables are hi-fertilizer crops. The growth period is short and the amount of fertilizer required is large. In order to meet the fertilizer demand during its growth period, some available nitrogen fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers can be added appropriately.
Practice has shown that comprehensive utilization of biogas resources not only increases vegetable yields, but also enhances resistance to vegetables and resistance to pests and diseases. At the same time, biogas greenhouses produce 15 days or so of greenhouses in comparison to greenhouses, and a 0.5-mu greenhouse increases annual income. 1,000 yuan, good ecological and economic benefits.
1. Advantages of biogas resources
Biogas resources include biogas, biogas slurry, and biogas residue. The igniting of the biogas can increase the temperature of greenhouse vegetables and provide carbon dioxide, so as to solve the problem of low temperature of vegetables in winter greenhouses and insufficient photosynthesis of vegetables. Biogas slurry and biogas residue are used as vegetable topdressing, in addition to satisfying the requirements of vegetable production and development on NPK and other mineral nutrition, compared with common chemical fertilizers, there are two advantages: First, biogas slurry, biogas residue Contain organic matter, humic acid, etc., can play an important role in improving the soil, can reduce the soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, improve the soil pellet structure, promote the absorption of vegetable roots for various nutrients; second, there is biogas slurry, biogas residue Some incompletely decomposed raw materials can continue to decompose after being applied to the vegetable field, slowly releasing nutrients, and long-term fertilization for vegetable fields.
2. Application of biogas resources
2.1 The application of biogas
The carbon dioxide concentration in the carbon dioxide shed is less than 100 ml/l, which seriously affects the photosynthesis of vegetables. By igniting 4 lamps and 1 furnace, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse can be set to 1000 to 1300 ml/l to meet the needs of vegetable growth.
Increase the temperature of burning gas per cubic meter of methane is 21000 ~ 23000 kJ, in an area of ​​0.5 acres of vegetable greenhouses, when the morning temperature is low when the ignition of biogas, can provide about 46000 kJ heat for the greenhouse, so that the temperature within the greenhouse 2～3°C, it can prevent freezing injury.
2.2 The application of biogas slurry Biogas slurry contains rich soluble inorganic salts, and also contains many nutrients. It is a kind of quick-acting fertilizer and has the effect that crops directly absorb its nutrition, antibacterial, and stress resistance. According to the survey, during the fruiting period of tomato, the biogas slurry is sprayed on the leaf surface for 1.5 to 1.5 times and the application of 30 to 50 kg per mu, which can increase the yield by more than 20%, and effectively control the late blight of tomatoes. The occurrence of mildew. Cucumber in the nursery period, the biogas slurry four times the water sprayed, not only can make the seedlings grow vigorously, but not leggy, Miao Qi Miao Zhuang; In the flowering period, the results of the period, the biogas slurry to the water twice as leaves Spraying on the surface can increase plant stem diameter, shorten the internodes, increase the leaf area, increase the number of single plants and increase the number of melons by 7% to 9%, and can promote knotted melons. Increase production by more than 20%.
2.3 Application of biogas residue Biogas residue has a more comprehensive nutrient content. It is determined that the residue contains 36% to 49% of organic matter, 10.1% to 24.6% of humic acid, 5% to 9% of crude protein, 0.8% to 1.5% of total nitrogen, 0.4% to 0.6% of total phosphorus, and 0.6% of total potassium. ~1.2%, also contains some other mineral components, is a high-quality organic fertilizer. The shed room can be used as a base fertilizer, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers. A shed of about 0.5 mu can be applied to 1500 kg of methane residue as base fertilizer before planting so as to meet the requirements of ecological agriculture.
3. Precautions for the use of biogas resources
3.1 When using biogas to provide carbon dioxide and increase the temperature, it is necessary to ensure that the greenhouse is tight, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted must be strictly determined. Under normal circumstances, the greenhouse application concentration is 0.08% to 0.10%, and the initial concentration of the nursery is 0.05%, and then gradually increase. The sunny days were cast at the prescribed concentration, and the cloudy days were reduced to cast concentration, and the rain and snow days were stopped.
3.2 When biogas slurry is used as top dressing, it should be taken out of the digester discharge room for more than one month of normal gas output; in order to increase the fruit setting rate and fruit setting rate of fruits and vegetables, it can be used during budding period, flowering period and fruit enlargement period. Adding 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the biogas slurry can increase its yield and quality. In order to enhance the control effect of biogas slurry on pests, a small amount of dimethoate EC can be added.
3.3 When the residue is used as topdressing, it can not be used immediately after being out of the pool. It is used as biogas residue of greenhouse vegetable. Before the application, the biogas residue should be accumulated in the plastic film outside the greenhouse for about 10 days to allow it to fully decompose, so as not to cause vegetable burning. And toxic gas damage.
3.4 The vegetables are hi-fertilizer crops. The growth period is short and the amount of fertilizer required is large. In order to meet the fertilizer demand during its growth period, some available nitrogen fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers can be added appropriately.
Practice has shown that comprehensive utilization of biogas resources not only increases vegetable yields, but also enhances resistance to vegetables and resistance to pests and diseases. At the same time, biogas greenhouses produce 15 days or so of greenhouses in comparison to greenhouses, and a 0.5-mu greenhouse increases annual income. 1,000 yuan, good ecological and economic benefits.
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