When herbicides are used in fruit tree nurseries, the choice of herbicide type, formulation, dosage, and application method must be carefully determined based on seedling development, weed species, and weather conditions. If these factors are not properly considered, it can lead to poor weed control and even phytotoxic effects on the plants. There are two main methods for applying herbicides:
First, the spray method. This is commonly used with wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates (EC), or water-based formulations. The droplet size of the spray should generally be between 100 and 200 microns. If the droplets are too large, they may not adhere well to the weeds, leading to runoff. On the other hand, if the droplets are too fine, they may be easily carried away by wind, reducing effectiveness.
To prepare the herbicide solution, you’ll need a water tank, buckets, filter gauze, and a stirrer. It’s important to measure the correct amount of herbicide and water. Before mixing, always set up your container and mark the required quantities. Weigh the herbicide accurately using a scale, especially for larger volumes, and package it in small portions for each use. Use a fixed bucket to measure the water, and fill it to the marked line each time. Dissolve the herbicide in a small amount of water first, then filter through gauze to remove any residue. Finally, add the remaining water to reach the desired volume. Alternatively, mix the herbicide into a paste and then dilute it with the proper amount of water. The total water volume should be about 30 to 50 kg per acre. Always use the mixture immediately, as storing it for long periods can reduce its effectiveness.
Second, the soil treatment method. This involves mixing the herbicide with fine soil to create a toxic layer. The soil should be sifted through a No. 10 to No. 20 sieve to ensure uniformity. The moisture level of the soil is also important—too dry or too wet can affect the distribution. It’s best to work with loose, moist soil that can spread easily. Apply the treated soil evenly at a rate of 15 to 20 kg per mu. If the herbicide is in powder form, simply mix it directly with the soil. If it's a liquid, dilute it with water first, then spray it onto the soil and mix thoroughly. For small doses, combine the herbicide with a small portion of soil first before incorporating it into the full batch. This ensures even coverage and better effectiveness.
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