In recent years, the damage caused by wood-feeding mites has been gradually spreading in several regions of China, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Fujian. These pests have started to infest many mushroom beds, leading to reduced yields and compromised quality of edible mushrooms. Among these mites, *Caloglyphus shanghaiensis* is one of the notable species belonging to the family of whiteflies and woodworms.
One of the key characteristics of this pest is its destructive behavior. Not only does it feed on the mycelium and fruit bodies of edible fungi, but it also acts as a carrier for harmful bacteria. This can hinder the growth of the mycelium, ultimately lowering both the yield and quality of the mushrooms. *Caloglyphus kunshanensis*, a closely related species, has been reported in mushroom beds across Shanghai, Jiangsu (Kunshan, Jiangyin), and Fujian (Cangzhou). If left unchecked, it can significantly impact mushroom production.
The occurrence pattern of these mites is quite unique. They thrive in decaying fruit bodies and can survive and reproduce on them. Even after being killed, they can still consume all the hyphae of the mycelium. Once the hyphae are gone, they can continue feeding on the medium itself. In addition, they can feed on certain bacteria, which helps spread infections and increase the incidence of diseases in edible fungi. These mites are highly resistant to high humidity and can even suspend themselves in a mixture of rotten mushrooms and muddy water, feeding off of it. When food becomes scarce or humidity drops, they form a reddish-brown, hardened, dormant stage that remains inactive until conditions improve.
To manage these pests effectively, several prevention and control measures should be implemented. First, cultivating healthy and strong mycelium strains is essential. This helps ensure robust growth and higher yields. Maintaining good hygiene in the growing environment is also crucial—avoiding debris and waste around the mushroom house can prevent contamination and reduce breeding sites. It's advisable not to build mushroom houses near grain storage areas, as this may attract pests. Strict sterilization procedures must be followed: the mushroom house should be thoroughly cleaned and fumigated with appropriate chemicals before planting. The culture materials should undergo composting or be treated with pesticides to eliminate harmful insects. Additionally, the strain culture room should be regularly inspected and fumigated. When producing strains, they should be tightly sealed with cotton plugs, preferably wrapped in a layer of kraft paper to maintain sterility and protect against contamination.
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