Due to recent continuous overcast and rainy weather, the ground temperature has dropped, soil moisture has increased significantly, and cotton seedlings are suffering from multiple diseases at an early stage. This has led to mixed symptoms on the same plant, resulting in poor or weak shoots after sowing. In some cases, sick or dead seedlings have caused gaps in the field, making it difficult for cotton to establish a healthy stand. Therefore, it is crucial to intensify field management following the rain.
Before the emergence of cotton seedlings, soil compaction can hinder germination. After heavy rains, it's important to check the fields for compacted areas and loosen the soil by scraping or raking. If there are weak or dead seedlings, they should be promptly replanted or transplanted to ensure proper plant density.
Once the seedlings have emerged, they are vulnerable to waterlogging and disease. After rainfall, it's essential to cultivate the soil to increase ground temperature, reduce moisture, and promote root development. At the same time, applying fungicides is necessary. A systemic bactericide such as hymexazol, thiophanate-methyl, or carbendazim diluted 800–1500 times can be used. Adding foliar fertilizers like Tianda 2116 or Tianfengsu will help plants resist cold stress and support healthy growth.
In low-lying areas where water accumulates, drainage should be done immediately after rain. The soil should then be sprayed with a combination of fungicides and foliar nutrients to prevent further disease spread.
For fields with severe disease outbreaks, it's recommended to uncover and loosen the soil using open-groove rakes and inter-row cultivation. Then, apply a root irrigation solution containing hydantoin, fungus inhibitors, ethyl allicin, or carbendazim at a concentration of 1000–1500 times. Apply 50–100 ml per plant, repeating this process every 7 days for 2–3 times.
In areas where seedlings are sparse or missing, it’s advised to transplant two healthy plants in place of one, or two plants where three were originally planted. It’s also recommended to replant with summer cotton varieties like Lumianyan 19, which are more resilient and can help fill in gaps effectively.
By taking these timely and targeted measures, farmers can improve the survival rate of cotton seedlings and lay a strong foundation for a healthy crop.
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