White cucumber is a variety of cucumber, and the following are the main cultivation techniques currently used:
1. Apply base fertilizer to high-yield fields, using 5,000 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure per 667 m², along with 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer and 20–50 kg of superphosphate. Spread the materials evenly and plow to a depth of 25 cm. Create raised beds with a width of 1.1–1.2 meters to ensure good drainage and air circulation.
2. Sow at the right time and cultivate strong seedlings. For spring cultivation in the Huang-Huai River region, sowing can begin in mid-March, while autumn planting is suitable from mid-June to late July. Using sawdust seedlings is recommended, as they allow for better ventilation, insulation, and moisture control. Seedlings emerge quickly and develop strong roots without damage. Healthy seedlings should have a stem thickness of about 1 cm, short internodes, leaves around 10 cm long, petioles about 10 cm in length, and 4–5 true leaves that are fully unfolded, green in color, with a broad but not sharp crown. The roots should be thick and white, indicating strong growth.
3. Plant reasonably to maximize light utilization. This variety has strong growth potential, so spacing between rows should be 30 cm by 60 cm, allowing for approximately 3,700 seedlings per 667 m². Proper density ensures optimal plant development and resource use.
4. Prune scientifically. Since the main vines of this variety produce fruit, it is usually not necessary to remove the growing tip during the early stages. When the main vine reaches the top of the trellis, pinch off the tip to encourage lateral growth. For high yields, the "one main and two sides" pruning method is effective, which helps distribute the vines evenly on the frame and improves light exposure, enhancing nutrient synthesis.
5. Strengthen fertilization and irrigation management. During the growth period, it's important to balance water and nutrient application. Early-stage irrigation should be controlled to avoid excessive vegetative growth, which can delay flowering and fruiting. During the initial flowering stage, focus on "control," and during the fruiting stage, promote growth. Top-dressing should be done frequently but in small amounts. After root harvest, alternate between clear water and mixed fertilizer. Apply urea at 8 kg or ammonium bicarbonate at 20 kg per 667 m² to maintain steady production and achieve high yields.
6. Control pests and diseases. Common diseases include downy mildew, anthracnose, and powdery mildew. These can be managed with fungicides like Dazem, Mancozeb, Metalaxyl, and Triadimefon. Insect pests such as aphids, melon thrips, and black spot beetles can be controlled using insecticides like Dimethoate, Neem oil, Trichlorfon, and Beta-cypermethrin. Regular monitoring and timely treatment are essential for disease and pest prevention.
7. Harvest at the right time. White cucumbers are harvested when the fruits are tender, with the skin not yet hardened and the seeds still soft. Delayed harvesting affects quality and reduces the yield of subsequent fruits, especially for root-grown cucumbers, which should be picked earlier. On average, white cucumbers can yield 3,000–4,000 kg per 667 m². Timely and proper harvesting ensures both quality and productivity.
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