In vegetable farming, several types of pesticides are commonly used, including insecticides, bactericides, and herbicides. Insecticides such as Bt-based products, avermectins, pyrethrins, plant-based extracts, and insect growth regulators like mimitan, kasik, and terpapron are widely applied. Some organic phosphorus pesticides, such as dimethoate, trichlorfon, and fenthion, are also permitted in limited quantities. Additionally, neonicotinoids like imidacloprid are frequently used for pest control.
Bactericides play an important role in preventing and managing bacterial diseases. Commonly used options include carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, garamycin (Garrinone), kelp extract (Kelu), Dashi, Fuxing, Candide, Bordeaux mixture, and agricultural streptomycin. These help protect crops from bacterial infections that can reduce yield and quality.
Herbicides are essential for controlling weeds in vegetable fields. Popular choices include trifluralin, pendimethalin (Shi Tianbu), alachlor (Dole), and acetochlor. These help maintain clean growing areas and improve crop performance by reducing competition for nutrients and water.
However, it's crucial to note that certain pesticides are strictly prohibited in vegetable production due to their high toxicity and environmental risks. These include organochlorines like DDT and lindane, organophosphates such as parathion, methyl parathion, and chlorpyrifos, as well as heavy metals like arsenic and mercury. Other banned substances include methamidophos, monocrotophos, phorate, and many others. Pesticides like 3911 (phosphine), zinc phosphate, sodium pentachlorophenol, and various fungicides and disinfectants are also not allowed. The use of these chemicals is considered unsafe for both human health and the environment, and strict regulations are in place to prevent their application in food crops.
Farmers are encouraged to follow local guidelines and use only approved pesticides, ensuring safe and sustainable agricultural practices. Regular training and awareness programs are also recommended to promote responsible pesticide use and protect both consumers and the ecosystem.
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