Briefly describe some processing methods of conventional Chinese herbal medicines

After harvesting, Chinese herbal medicines, in addition to bone shredding, fresh reed roots and other small varieties for fresh medicinal use, mostly use their dry products. In order to prevent mildew and deterioration, it is convenient to classify, package, store and transport, and it is necessary to carry out processing at the place of origin for further processing of canned pieces. Due to the wide variety of Chinese herbal medicines, different varieties and regional medication habits, and different processing methods, the general processing methods of conventional Chinese herbal medicines are introduced as follows:

1, seed class. Generally, the fruits are directly dried, threshed, and collected after harvesting. Some herbs need to be seed coat or peel, such as coix seed, cassia seed and so on. Some have to crush the fruit and take out the seeds for medicinal purposes, such as almonds and jujube kernels. Some have to be steamed to destroy the enzymes that are susceptible to discoloration, such as Schisandra and Ligustrum lucidum.

2, flowers. In order to keep the flower medicinal materials bright and colorful, the flowers should be placed in a ventilated place to spread dry after drying, or quickly dried at low temperature to avoid the loss of active ingredients and maintain a strong aroma, such as safflower, safflower, honeysuckle Roses, rose flowers, etc. Very few species need to be steamed before drying, such as Chrysanthemum.

3. Fruits. Generally, the fruit medicinal materials can be directly dried or dried after harvesting. However, medicinal herbs that are large and difficult to dry, such as bergamot, lime, fresh papaya, etc., should be cut open and dried. Medicinal materials such as melon, dried tangerine peel, hawthorn, etc., which are used for pulp or peel, should be removed first, granules or peeled and dried. In addition, there are very few medicinal materials such as ebony, which need to be processed by baking and smoking.

4, leather. Generally, after harvesting, freshly cut into pieces or pieces, and then dried and served. However, some species should be freshly scraped off the outer layer of cork after harvesting, and then dried, such as paeonol, eucalyptus root, cork, etc. Some bark medicinal materials should be slightly hot after boiling, after stacking Put it, make it "sweating", when the endothelial layer turns purple-brown, then steam and scrape the bark, then cut into pieces or roll into a tube, and then dry, such as cinnamon, magnolia, Eucommia and so on.

5, whole grass and leaves. After harvesting, it should be placed in a ventilated place to dry or dry, especially those containing aromatic volatile oils, such as peppermint, schizonepeta, musk, etc. to avoid loss of active ingredients; some whole grass medicinal materials are not dry Before you should tie it into small bundles, then dry until it is dry. Such as perilla, mint and so on. Some fleshy leaves with high water content, such as purslane, should be slightly dried with boiling water before drying.

6, roots and underground stems. These herbs are harvested. Generally, the soil is first washed, the roots, the head and the residual branches and leaves are removed, and then the size is classified, and the fresh cuts are cut into pieces, pieces or segments, and then dried or dried. Such as white peony root, salvia miltiorrhiza, achyranthes, anterior hu, shoot dry, etc.; some meaty, high water content of roots, bulbs, such as asparagus, hunters, sputum, etc., should be slightly hot with boiling water, and then Cut and dry or dry; for the coarse roots and herbs that are difficult to dry, such as Scrophulariaceae, Radix Paeoniae Alba, etc., first boiled in boiling water, and then repeatedly "sweating", in order to completely dry. There are also some kinds of medicinal materials, such as yam and fritillary, which must be fumigated with sulfur to dry quickly, keep the color white and powdery, and can be disinfected, insecticidal and mildewproof, which is conducive to the storage of medicinal materials.

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