Management Techniques of Citrus Flowering and Young Fruits

Management Techniques of Citrus Flowering and Young Fruits

The management of the citrus flowering period and young fruit period is the key link in the high yield and quality of citrus. The low temperatures on April 12-13 caused the citrus buds in our city to be severely frozen. Therefore, the flowering management and the preservation of the fruit should be carried out. Measures to increase the fruit setting rate are particularly important for citrus production this year in our city. At present, we should do a good job in the following aspects:

First, Baohuabaoguo
(1) Strengthen fertilizer and water management, increase tree vigor, promote the normal development of flower organs, and reduce flowering and fruiting. Spraying a variety of trace elements before flowering will help improve flower bud quality. In the middle and late April, a multi-element composite foliar fertilizer such as Trigonol Potassium or Green Bole was sprayed. For citrus trees with large amounts of flowers and insufficient nutrition, appropriate application of compound fertilizer can be applied.

(2) spray flower protection fruit agent. No nuclear? Ancestral brother swollen swollen 谠 谠 に厝狈Γ に厝狈Γ に厝狈Γ 实 实 实 实 实 实 实 实 实 实 实 渖 渖 渖 渖 渖 渖 渖 渖 渖 欣 欣 欣 欣 欣 欣 欣? Use 1 g of gibberellic acid (50 ml of alcohol with a concentration of 75% or more), add 30 g of agrochemical, mix 30 kg of water for crown spray, and use sap-head moistening. If the initial result tree does not pull branches, the branches should be pulled in time to control vegetative growth and promote fruit set.

Second, pest control
1. Prevention and control of pests and diseases during flowering. Citrus fruit diseases and pests are important causes of the fruit surface scars. Therefore, the prevention and control of pests and diseases during the flowering period is an important part of guaranteeing citrus quality. Flowering pests and diseases mainly include exposed tail armor, leaf armor, tawny thrips and scab. Specific prevention and control measures: First, from the end of April in the citrus garden with frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp to kill leafhoppers, dewlap, beetles and other pests; the second is in the early days of citrus blossoms (late April - May

In the early days, spray 90% of the crystal trichlorfon 1000 times and 70% thiophanate 1000 times to control leaf beetles, chafers, thrips and scab.

2. Prevention and treatment of red spider: Citrus red spider is a kind of insect pest that is more common in the city. When the number of leaf insects per head reaches 5, it should be immediately controlled by chemical agents. The agent can be used 15% broom net 1000 times solution, after mid-May can be used 99% Lv Ying EC 200 times 1.8% avermectin 3000 times control.

3. Prevention and control of citrus mealybugs, arrowhead aphids and aphids: In the middle and late May of the year, the peak period of hatching of citrus mealybugs and cornuta nymphs is a critical period for drug control. Can use 40% chlorpyrifos (Lopspen) 1000 times or 40% killing 1000 times the control.

Third, grass cultivation and field coverage.

The citrus field is cultivated with grass, and clover, ryegrass, and musk pods can be cultivated. Without grass cultivation, grass trees, straw, weeds, etc. can be used to cover the tree trays from May to July to maintain the temperature and reduce the temperature, and to promote fruit growth and development. The thickness of the tree trays should be 6-10 cm. Tree trays can be covered, or all parks can be covered. (Dangyang Specialty Product Promotion Center Wu Qinghua Dangyang Agriculture 110 Zhu Liqing)

Medical masks are mostly made of one or more layers of nonwoven fabrics. The main production processes include meltblown, spunbond, hot air or needle punching. They are equivalent to resisting liquids, filtering particles and bacteria, and are a kind of medical protection. textile.
The Medical Mask is composed of a mask face and a tightening belt. The mask face is divided into inner, middle and outer layers. The inner layer is skin-friendly (general hygienic gauze or non-woven fabric), and the middle layer is an isolation filter layer (ultra-fine polypropylene Fiber melt-blown material layer), the outer layer is a special material antibacterial layer (non-woven fabric or ultra-thin polypropylene melt-blown material layer).
According to performance characteristics and scope of application, medical masks can be divided into: medical protective masks, medical surgical masks, ordinary medical masks.
1. Medical Protective Mask
Medical protective masks are suitable for the protection of airborne respiratory tract infectious diseases by medical staff and related staff. It is a close-fitting self-priming filter medical protection article with a high protection level, especially suitable for contact with airborne transmission during diagnostic activities Or worn by patients with respiratory infections transmitted by droplets at close range. It can filter the particles in the air, block droplets, blood, body fluids, secretion droplets, etc. It is a disposable product. Medical protective masks can prevent most pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. WHO recommends medical personnel to use protective masks against particles to prevent viral infections in hospital air. .
Medical protective masks comply with GB19083-2003 "Technical Requirements for Medical Protective Masks". Important technical indicators include non-oily particle filtration efficiency and airflow resistance. The specific indicators are as follows: [3]
1) Filtration efficiency: Under the condition of air flow (85 ± 2) L / min, the filtration efficiency of aerodynamic median diameter (0.24 ± 0.06) μm sodium chloride aerosol is not less than 95%, which is in accordance with N95 ( Or FFP2) and above. It can block infectious agents with a diameter of less than 5 μm transmitted by air or close contact with infectious agents transmitted by droplets.
2) Inhalation resistance: under the above flow conditions, the inhalation resistance does not exceed 343.2Pa (35mmH2O).
3) For the samples sprayed on the mask under the pressure of 10.9Kpa (80mmHg), no technical indicators such as penetration should appear on the inside of the mask.
4) The nose mask must be equipped with a nose clip, which is made of bendable plastic material and has a length> 8.5cm.
5) Synthetic blood is sprayed towards the mask sample at a pressure of 10.7kPa (80mmHg), there should be no penetration inside the mask.
2. Medical Surgical Mask
Medical surgical masks are suitable for the basic protection of medical staff or related personnel, as well as the protection against the spread of blood, body fluids and splashes during the invasive operation. The protection level is medium and has certain respiratory protection performance. It is mainly used in clean environments with a cleanliness level of less than 100,000, operating in the operating room, nursing patients with low immune function and performing body cavity puncture and other operations. Medical surgical masks can block most bacteria and some viruses, can prevent medical staff from being infected, and can also prevent the microorganisms carried by medical staff's breath from being directly discharged, posing a threat to patients undergoing surgery. Medical surgical masks require the filtration efficiency of bacteria to be above 95%. Disposable medical surgical masks should also be issued to suspicious respiratory patients to prevent the threat of infection to other hospital personnel and reduce the risk of cross-infection, but to avoid infections that are less effective than medical protective masks. .
It complies with YY0469-2004 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks", and important technical indicators include filtration efficiency, bacterial filtration efficiency and respiratory resistance. The specific indicators are as follows:
1) Filtration efficiency: Under the condition of air flow (30 ± 2) L / min, the filtration efficiency of aerodynamic median diameter (0.24 ± 0.06) μm sodium chloride aerosol is not less than 30%.
2) Bacterial filtration efficiency: under specified conditions, the filtration efficiency of Staphylococcus aureus aerosol with an average particle diameter of (3 ± 0.3) μm is not less than 95%; the bacterial filtration rate should be ≥95%; the The filtration rate should be ≥30%.
3) Breathing resistance: Under the condition of filtration efficiency flow, the inhalation resistance does not exceed 49Pa, and the exhalation resistance does not exceed 29.4Pa. When the pressure difference △ P of gas exchange on both sides of the mask is 49Pa / cm, the gas flow rate should be ≥ 264mm / s.
4) Nose clips and mask straps: Nose clips should be provided on the mask. The nose clips are made of plastic materials and the length of the nose clip should be greater than 8.0cm. The mask band should be easy to wear and take, and the breaking strength at the connection point between each mask band and the mask body should be greater than 10N.
5) Synthetic blood penetration: After 2ml of synthetic blood is sprayed at the pressure of 16.0kPa (120mmHg) towards the outer side of the mask, no penetration should occur on the inner side of the mask.
6) Flame retardant performance: The mask material should be made of non-flammable materials, and the mask burns less than 5s after leaving the flame.
7) Residual amount of ethylene oxide: For masks sterilized by ethylene oxide, the residual amount of ethylene oxide should be less than 10μg / g.
8) Skin irritation: The primary irritation index of the mask material should be ≤0.4, and there should be no sensitization reaction.
9) Microbial indicators: total bacterial colonies ≤20CFU / g, and no coliform bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci and fungi shall be detected.
3. Ordinary medical mask
Ordinary medical masks are used to block spouts exhaled from the oral cavity and nasal cavity, and can be used for one-time hygiene care in ordinary medical environments with the lowest protection level. It is suitable for general hygiene care activities, such as sanitary cleaning, liquid distribution, cleaning bed units, etc., or the blocking or protection of particles other than pathogenic microorganisms such as pollen.
Conforms to the relevant registered product standard (YZB), generally lacks the filtration efficiency requirements for particles and bacteria, or the filtration efficiency requirements for particles and bacteria are lower than medical surgical masks and medical protective masks, only reaching 20.0% for 0.3μm diameter aerosol -25.0% protection effect, can not reach the filtration efficiency of particles and bacteria, can not effectively prevent pathogens from invading through the respiratory tract, can not be used for clinical invasive operations, nor can it protect particles and bacteria and viruses, only limited to dust particles Or aerosol plays a certain mechanical barrier.
Instructions:
1. Carefully cover the mouth and nose with a mask and fasten it to minimize the gap between the face and the mask;
2. Avoid touching the mask when using it-after touching the used mask, for example to remove or clean the mask, wash your hands with soap and water or use alcohol hand sanitizer;
3. After the mask is wet or contaminated with moisture, replace with a new clean and dry mask;
4. Do not reuse disposable masks. Disposable masks should be discarded after each use.

Medical Mask

Medical Mask,Medical Surgical Mask,Disposable Medical Face Mask,Disposable Non Woven Mask

Guangzhou Aikangli Medical Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.aikanli.com