Chinese name: Millettia
Pinyin name: jixieteng
English name: SuberectSpatholobusStem
Latin name: CaulisSpatholobi
Aliases: Guo Jiang Long, Xue Feng Teng, Sedum S
Plant morphology:
Woody vines. Three compound leaves, lobular broadly elliptic, 10-20 cm long, 7-15 cm wide, apex shortly caudate, base rounded, puberulent above, with yellow bristles between veins below, lateral base leaflet oblique Petiole and petiole glabrous; stipules needlelike. Panicles axillary, large, flowers numerous and dense; inflorescence axis and pedicel yellow pubescent; corolla butterfly, white, fleshy; stamens 1O, disambiguation; ovary with white bristles. The pods are tongue-shaped, 8-10cm long, with yellow hairs. One seed, born in the top of the capsule. Fruit and fruit summer and autumn.
Origin and growth habits:
Produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan. Born in the forest, thickets or ravines.
use:
Can be used medicinally.
Indications:
Blood, blood, meridians. For irregular menstruation, blood deficiency chlorosis, numbness, rheumatism and pain. Dosage 9-15g. [Note] There are many plant sources of Spatholobus suberectus such as Millettia diels eliana Harmsex Diels. reticulataBenth. nitidaBenth. and Changchun linseed.
Taste: warm, bitter, sweet.
Chemical composition: Contains catechol, volatile oil, reducing sugar.
Source: Stem vines for leguminous plants Spatholobus s uberectus Dunn.
Production system: harvesting in autumn and winter, removing branches and leaves, slicing and drying.
Link reading:
Millettia is an evergreen vine that binds beans. Every year in August, the flowers bloom in the shape of a bean flower. The flowers are very beautiful and dark red and purple.
What's special about Millettia is that its stem contains a substance that is not found in other legumes. When its stem was cut off, its xylem immediately appeared reddish-brown, and soon it turned into a bright red juice, which resembled chicken blood. Therefore, people call it Millettia.
Then where did the "blood" of Millettia come from?
We know that the stems of woody plants consist of xylem, cambium and phloem. There are many secretory tubes in the phloem of Millettia, arranged in an auburn ring. These tubes are filled with brown-red substances. When the stems sawn off, the blood oozing out of the secretory canal and solidified into a bright, blackened, filamentous spot. The chemical analysis "blood" contains organic substances such as tannins, reducing sugars, and resins.
The stem of Spatholobus suberectus is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, which has the effect of blood, blood, and circulation. Stems and seeds can be used to kill agricultural pests. Distributed in China's Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces.
Caulis spatholobi is a kind of bulky and relatively low-grade Chinese herbal medicine, which is mainly produced in Guangxi and also produced in Yunnan. Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar also have abundant wild resources. In addition to being used in formulas, Millettia is also widely used for the extraction of Millettia ointment and is a raw material for the production of blood circulation, blood, and rheumatism. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Millettia has become a best-selling commodity in the Guangxi market, and prices have also increased. Before 2000, the market was only 1.5 to 2 yuan (per kilogram price, the same below). From 2001 to 2003, it rose to 2 to 2.5. Yuan, from 2004 to May 2006, rose to 2.6 to 3 yuan. In less than five and a half years, the price rose by 50% to 73.3%, with an average annual increase of 9.2% to 13.5%. Since the beginning of the 21st century, why has the market of chicken blood and vines on the Guangxi market been so persistent? According to the investigation, it was mainly caused by the following factors.
Reduced wild resources in domestic production areas
Guangxi originally had a very rich wild resource of Spatholobus suberectus. In the jungles of southwestern Guangxi, western Guangxi, and northwest Guangxi, there are many large-scale Millettia plants ranging in age from tens to hundreds of years. In the 1950s and 1970s, people thought that they could not cut down and take this endless resource. Since the mid-50s of the last century, Guangxi has increased the use of wild Caulis spatholobi, and with the increase in demand, development efforts have continued to increase, and the volume of listings has also increased year after year. According to statistical data from the relevant departments, the annual acquisition volume of the uncompleted autonomous regions in the 1950s was only about 500 tons, but it had not been increased to more than 1,000 tons in the 1970s, and the volume of acquisitions in the past 15 years has doubled. In the 1980s, the acquisition volume reached 1,500 tons, which increased by 50% in five years. Due to the abundant supply at that time, the volume of purchases each year can also guarantee the market demand, and there are also some years of equal amounts. However, in the late 1980s, the Chinese herbal medicines market opened up, coupled with decades of development and utilization and deterioration of the ecological environment, the volume of listed goods tended to decline, and there was a gap between supply and demand, relying solely on chicken blood in Guangxi. The rattan resources have been difficult to meet the needs of the Guangxi market, and some large operators have begun to enter the Yunnan region to open up new sources of supply. After that, Yunnan Sorghum will continue to enter the Guangxi market and be sold to various regions. According to merchants, from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, the annual volume of goods entering the Guangxi market from Yunnan also began to increase from 400 to 500 tons to more than 1,000 tons. In order to fill the shortage of listed areas in Guangxi, the city has ample supply of goods. However, the wild resources of Millettia in Yunnan Province are not as rich as those in Guangxi. After ten years of development and utilization, the volume of listings has also decreased year by year, and the volume of goods entering the Guangxi market has also declined, leaving a gap in market supply again. According to merchants' reports, by the middle and late 1990s, the two provinces had less than 2,000 tons of listed Millettia, and the market demand had exceeded the 2,000-ton mark. Domestic sources alone could not meet market demand. Therefore, Businessmen have to seek new sources of supply from neighboring countries.
In recent years, the amount of Millettia that entered the border trade market has decreased
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar and other Southeast Asian countries are located in the subtropical areas. These countries have luxuriant forests and cane plants, and they are rich in wild resources of Spatholobus suberectus. Before the 1980s, it was not yet exploited. By the 1990s, with the expansion of the border trade market and the increase in trade volume, Millettia entered the border trade market in Guangxi and became a trading product on the market. In the early days of the 1990s, when the volume in the domestic market was insufficient, the number of merchants entering the border trade market began to increase, and the trade volume also increased. According to Guangxi border traders, in the early 90s of last century, the volume of goods entering the border trade market was only 400-500 tons per year. By the middle of the year, the volume should have soared to more than 1,000 tons, and by the end of the 1990s it had reached 1,500 tons, thus filling this period. Within the Guangxi market, the lack of Millettia maintained the balance between supply and demand. Millettia is a climbing large-scale woody plant. Climbers grow on forest trees. With the increase in the number of years of growth, the larger the area of ​​distribution, the more trees will be climbed. When the Spatholobus suberectus plants are sold, the forest resources are often destroyed and large areas of deforestation often occur. Therefore, the relevant departments of the governments of the countries of origin have seen this situation, and since the beginning of the 21st century, they have taken corresponding measures to limit the amount of Spatholobus felling. Border traders learned from Vietnamese traders: Vietnam has formulated measures such as closing mountains for afforestation and cutting down areas for harvesting of millet and restricting access to border trade markets. Therefore, the Millettia that entered Guangxi's border trade market in the last two or three years has been reduced by 2 to 3 percent compared with previous years, so that the supply of Millettia on the Guangxi market is in short supply and maintains market conditions.
Increase in sales
Caulis spathia is commonly used in the treatment of menstrual irregularities, blood deficiency chlorosis, numbness paralysis, and rheumatism pain. As China’s population increases, people’s awareness of preventing and curing diseases and the development of China’s traditional Chinese medicine cause continuous development, which has led to a significant increase in the production of raw materials for formulas and proprietary Chinese medicines. In the period of planned economy before the mid-1980s, when Chinese herbal medicines were operated exclusively in a single channel, statistical data from relevant departments showed that Guangxi's annual sales volume was only about 1,000 tons. In the late 1980s, Chinese herbal medicines opened up multiple channels of operation. According to merchants’ sales, the sales volume exceeded 2,000 tons in the mid-1990s, and the sales volume doubled in 10 years. In the 21st century, sales have also increased year by year. By 2005, the sales volume in the Guangxi market exceeded the 2,500-ton mark. It is a pharmaceutical company in Guangxi that produces Chinese proprietary medicine products based on Millettia as raw materials. The annual consumption of Millettia is as high as 1,000 tons. The increase in sales volume is also an important factor in the sales of Millettia on the market.
Influence of other factors
The wild resources of Millettia are very limited in the country, and the existing resources are mostly distributed in the deep forests and old forests that are far from the villages and the transportation is inconvenient. It is no longer convenient for cutting and selling. In addition, there are many areas where wild Millettia are distributed in the economically underdeveloped mountainous areas. In recent years, the government of the place of production has organized a large number of young and vigorous laborers to work outside the country, and the number of people who cut into the mountains for sale has decreased. This has led to a decrease in the volume of listing. In recent years, grain has increased the purchase protection price, the prices of sugarcane, cassava and other economic crops in the producing areas have been rising, the rise in international crude oil prices, and the increase in freight rates have also caused the growth of Millettia in recent years. Cause of failure.
According to industry analysts, Millettia is distributed in a narrow area in China, mainly in the subtropical monsoon forest climate zones in Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guangdong. After decades of development and utilization, Guangdong has already been exhausted and has a very small market. Although there are still some wild resources in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces, there are few reserves. From the perspective of these years, the annual production volume of the two producing areas is only about 1,000 tons. Although some Southeast Asian countries adjacent to our country currently have rich resources of wild Spatholobus suberectus, the country of origin began to take measures to protect the country's ecological environment and resources, limiting the export volume. Therefore, the Millettia entering the Guangxi market in two or three years also showed a downward trend. At present, relevant scientific research units in Guangxi are planning to carry out research on artificial cultivation of Spatholobus suberectus. It will take a long time until the results are obtained and then extended to large-scale production. It is predicted that the sales potential of Millettia in the Guangxi market will continue to be optimistic in the next three to five years, and there is room for price increase.
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