Tuberomacephalus (monsteria), also known as peach head lice, Prunus persicae, belongs to the order Homoptera. Peach tumors are widely distributed in our country, both in the north and the south. Its host plants are peach, peach, cherry, plum, pear and other landscaping plants and mugwort and other asteraceae plants. In recent years, the damage suffered by peach trees has been very serious. The rate of damage to replanted areas has reached 100%, the rate of damage to leaves has reached 85%, and the amount of slats has reached more than 20,000.
I. Injury
Peach nevus adults, nymphs cluster sucking juice on the back of the leaves, with young leaves victim as the most important, the edge of the victim leaves curled to the back of the longitudinal curls, tissue hypertrophy, like insects, uneven, initially pale green, later red In severe cases, most of the leaves are rolled into a string, and finally dry off, seriously affecting the growth and development of peach trees.
Injury
Second, the morphological characteristics
Adults. Adult worms have finless oysters and winged oysters. The wingless females have a body length of 2.0-2.1 mm. They are oblong in shape, are more hypertrophic, have a more varied body color and are dark green, yellow-green, yellow-brown and black on the head. The frontal tumor is prominent and tilts inwards. The tentacles are filiform in 6 sections and the base is short in two sections. Compound eyes auburn. There are knob-like projections on both sides of the mid-chest, black markings on the abdomen, abdomen, cylindrical, with valance patterns, short tails, and sharp tips. The winged oysters have a body length of 1.8 mm and a wingspan of about 5 mm. They are pale yellowish-brown and prominent in frontal tumors. They are tilted inwards and the antennae are filiform. There are multiple sensory holes in the section. Transparent yellow veins. Abdominal tube cylindrical, slightly enlarged in the middle, with black imbricate pattern, tail cone conical, middle contracture.
Nymphs. Similar to the non-winged fetal females, the body is smaller than the non-winged ones, has winged buds, yellowish or light green, and dark green in the head and abdomen.
egg. Oval, black.
Third, the law of occurrence
Peach caries occur more than 10 generations a year, there are overlapping generations. The eggs overwinter in branches and buds of fruit trees such as peaches and cherries. The next year the host germinates and then hatches as a dry mother. The colony feeds on the back of the leaf and forms the above-mentioned harm. A large number of adult and nymphs are hidden in insect-like cockroaches, making it more difficult to control. May-July is the breeding and damage period of the peach aphid. At this time, the winged females migrated to wormwood and other asteraceae plants. In late autumn, they moved back to peaches, cherries, and other fruit trees to produce sexual warts.
The number of natural enemies has a greater impact on the occurrence of peach aphid. The natural natural enemies mainly include predatory and parasitic predators such as Propylaea, Coccinella septempunctata, Chrysopa sibirica, Corydalis falciparum, Frangipani, Syrphidae septemera, Aconitum spp.
Fourth, prevention and control technology
1, agricultural control. In the winter, the egg branches of the insect pests are trimmed, and the severed insect branches are trimmed in the early spring. After the migration of the peach tumors in summer, the chrysanthemum-specific host plants around Taoyuan are to be removed, and the insect branches, egg branches and weeds are to be concentrated. Burned, reduced pests and eggs
2, protect natural enemies. The natural enemies of peach aphid are numerous, and in the breeding season of natural enemies, chemical pesticides should be used scientifically, and contact-killing broad-spectrum insecticides should not be used.
3, chemical control. Chemical control of peach tumors must master the principle of "pesticide counterparts, timely prevention and treatment, and appropriate methods." According to the damage characteristics of peach aphid, the prevention and treatment should be as early as possible, and it is the best period of prevention and treatment during the sprouting period to the rolling leaf stage. There are fewer natural enemies in the bud, and it can be used for 2,500 times of 5.7% chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate, 2000 times for 2.5% kungfu emulsifiable concentrate, 4,000 times for 90% marvellous powder, 5,000 times for 70% Mirame powder, and 48% for Lex 1000 times of this emulsifiable concentrate, sprouting period, 5% of high-efficiency cyanohydrin emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times, or 20% extinction killing 3,000 times of diced emulsifiable concentrate, 5% lelifering emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times, 30% chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate 2000 Double-spray cloth to eliminate the first hatchery. When spraying, add 1.5 ml bottle of potion to each pot to destroy the waxy layer of the peach tumor and promote the rapid entry of pesticides into the mites. The above-mentioned agents must be used alternately in order to prevent the development of resistance to the peach mold. After leaf rolling, when the number of natural enemies is high, pesticides with strong absorbability should be used for prevention and control to avoid the effect of leaf rolling on the efficacy of the drug. If 40% of Omethoate is used to prevent and cure peach tumor, it will not only improve the control effect, but also protect natural enemies. The specific method is to first surround the trunk with 3-4 ft wide bark, add 40% omethoate and 5 times water to the enclosed bark, wrap the trunk with waste newspaper, and pass the medicine through the peach tree. The tissue is transmitted to the leaves to achieve the goal of preventing and controlling peach nevus.
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