Purple-leaf plum, scientifically known as *Prunus cerasifera* 'Atropurpurea', is a deciduous tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. Native to China, it is widely cultivated across northern China and regions further south. This species is highly valued in ornamental gardening due to its striking appearance and adaptability.
The tree typically reaches a height of 6 to 7 meters, with distinctive purple-red, obovate leaves that have serrated edges. Its flowering period usually occurs from mid-April to mid-May, producing small, solitary flowers in shades of light red or pink. The fruit is round and generally not used for consumption, but rather for ornamental purposes.
Purple-leaf plum thrives in full sunlight and is drought-tolerant, cold-resistant, and adaptable to various growing conditions. However, it requires well-drained soil, preferably sandy loam, and should be planted in sunny, leeward areas. If grown in shaded conditions, the plant may experience reduced growth and darker foliage. In low-lying or poorly drained areas, waterlogging can lead to root rot, which is detrimental to the tree’s health.
For optimal growth, it's recommended to apply fermented manure around the planting hole during initial planting. Each year at the beginning of spring, adding organic fertilizer will help maintain vigorous growth and vibrant blooming. Watering should be done before spring begins, and after the first frost in autumn, watering with frozen water can help protect the roots. Under normal weather conditions, frequent watering is unnecessary, as the plant is relatively drought-tolerant.
It's important to ensure proper drainage, especially during rainy seasons, to prevent root rot. Pruning is best done after leaf fall in winter. During this time, remove dense, drooping, or inward-growing branches, as well as any diseased or pest-infested parts. Trimming long lateral branches helps maintain a compact, bushy shape.
Common pests include moths and caterpillars, which can be controlled using 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate. Due to the tendency of young purple-leaf plum seedlings to develop green leaves, grafting is commonly used for propagation. This method is not only simple and effective but also allows the tree to bloom within three to four years.
Grafting is typically performed using 2-year-old peach rootstocks. Before grafting, the rootstock should be cut back to leave a 5–7 cm stump. In mid to late June, select healthy scions from the current season's shoots. The buds should be plump, without dry tips or damage. Using a sterilized bud knife, make a 30-degree cut just below the bud, extending up to 1 cm above it. Carefully remove the bud and insert it into a "T"-shaped incision made on the rootstock, about 3 cm from the cut. Secure the graft with plastic tape.
After approximately 7 days, if the graft shows no signs of wilting, it is likely successful. The plastic tape can be removed after about 25 days. With proper care, the grafted plant will thrive and display its characteristic deep purple foliage and beautiful blooms.
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