Every summer, chicken farms are plagued by flies and an unpleasant odor, causing discomfort for both farmers and the chickens. Even with regular cleaning and screen doors, it's challenging to completely eliminate the problem. To effectively reduce and eliminate flies, it's essential to address the root cause: improving manure management and maintaining cleanliness on the farm.
Here are some practical methods to manage this issue:
1. **Morning and Evening Manure Removal**
It's best to clean chicken manure in the early morning before and after feeding. The cooler weather makes the work more comfortable, reduces sweat, and minimizes mosquito bites. Additionally, clearing manure at this time allows for proper accumulation and processing later. It also helps reduce the smell during the day, making the environment more pleasant for both workers and chickens. At night, when temperatures are lower, manure ferments more slowly, producing less odor. If labor permits, it’s ideal to remove manure twice daily. After cleaning, open the screen doors and spray a disinfectant like Weiwei solution to help reduce fly populations with its strong scent.
2. **Managing Moisture Content of Feces**
Fly breeding thrives in manure with 60–80% moisture. Therefore, controlling this is crucial. Here are several effective techniques:
- **Wet Soil Sealed Fermentation**
Transport the manure to a designated area, flatten it, and cover it with 10 cm of soil. This prevents air from entering, allowing internal heat to kill bacteria and parasites. This method works well for long-term storage.
- **Plastic Film Sealing Method**
Cover the manure pile with plastic film and seal it using soil or stones around the edges. Keep one side open for easy access. Add fresh manure daily, compacting it as you go. If the film is narrow, use multiple pieces overlapping each other. If the manure is too wet, mix in some soil. After a few days of fermentation, expose the pile to sunlight and open the film to cool it down. This method helps kill flies quickly and is suitable for large-scale operations.
- **Water Flushing and Fermentation**
For large farms with water supply and septic tanks, flush the chicken house in the afternoon. This washes manure into the tank, where it can be regularly removed and mixed with soil, then sealed with mud for further treatment.
- **Biogas Digester Method**
Install a biogas digester in the barn. Use the manure to produce biogas for cooking and heating, and the fermented waste becomes odorless and safe for use as fertilizer. Regularly remove the digested manure and store it properly.
- **Insecticide Spraying**
Apply high-efficiency, low-toxicity insecticides inside the chicken house. You can also spray long-lasting products like pyrethrum on walls to kill flies that land in the treated areas.
- **Feces Pile Sprinkling**
Apply concentrated pesticides such as trichlorfon or dichlorvos directly onto the manure piles to kill fly larvae. Be cautious to prevent free-ranging chickens from ingesting these chemicals.
- **EM Microbial Feeds**
Feed chickens with EM (Effective Microorganisms) or provide them with EM-based drinks. These microorganisms help break down odors in the feces. After about 10 days, the manure becomes odor-free, improving both production efficiency and overall hygiene, which helps control fly populations at the source.
By implementing these strategies, farmers can significantly reduce the presence of flies and improve the living conditions in their chicken farms.
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