Panax notoginseng, a renowned medicinal herb native to Guangxi and Yunnan provinces in China, has been used for over 500 years in traditional Chinese medicine. Known as "San Qi" or "Notoginseng," it is celebrated for its dual properties of invigorating the body and expelling harmful pathogens. Closely related to ginseng in the Araliaceae family, it shares similar effects on qi and blood but possesses unique therapeutic advantages that ginseng cannot match.
This herb is particularly effective in treating bruises, fractures, internal and external bleeding, and even uterine hemorrhaging in women. In modern times, it has gained popularity for managing conditions such as coronary heart disease, neurasthenia, gastric ulcers, rheumatoid arthritis, infertility, tumors, and skin sores, with consistently positive outcomes.
Proper use of Panax notoginseng can significantly contribute to disease prevention, health improvement, and longevity. However, due to high demand and limited supply, the market has seen an increase in counterfeit products. Some unscrupulous individuals have started producing fake versions, often using ginger roots or other plant materials that are artificially modified to resemble genuine San Qi. This has led to confusion among consumers and potential risks to health.
To ensure authenticity, careful identification based on physical characteristics, texture, and chemical composition is essential. Here are some key features to distinguish real from fake Panax notoginseng:
1. **Genuine San Qi** – The true root comes from the Araliaceae plant *Panax notoginseng*. It is typically round or cylindrical, measuring 2–5 cm in length and 1–4 cm in diameter. The top has scars surrounded by small knobs, while the surface is smooth, gray-brown or yellowish with intermittent longitudinal wrinkles and root marks. It feels heavy and solid, with a brittle texture that separates into skin and wood when broken. The cross-section is usually grayish green, yellowish green, or off-white, with fine brown resin spots visible near the outer layer. It has a slightly bitter taste followed by a mild sweetness.
2. **Fake San Qi** – Often made from dried ginger roots or other plants, these fakes are usually rounded or conical in shape. Their surface is pale yellow with distinct ring-shaped knots and artificial knife marks. They may appear powdery and lack the natural texture of real San Qi. These imitations are generally heavier, harder to break, and have a yellow-green or gray-brown cross-section. When crushed, the skin and wood do not separate easily, and they emit a strong pungent, spicy odor. The inner surface appears white, with scattered vascular bundles and light yellow powder.
It's crucial to differentiate between San Qi and other herbs like Curcuma, as their medicinal properties differ significantly. Always verify the authenticity before use to ensure safety and effectiveness. By being informed and cautious, you can make better choices and benefit fully from this valuable herbal remedy.
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