Panax notoginseng, also known as Sanqi, is a renowned medicinal herb primarily cultivated in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of China. It has been used for over 500 years in traditional Chinese medicine due to its remarkable healing properties. This herb belongs to the Araliaceae family, sharing a close phylogenetic relationship with ginseng. However, it possesses unique therapeutic effects that go beyond those of regular ginseng.
Renowned for its ability to promote blood circulation, reduce swelling, and stop bleeding, Panax notoginseng is widely used to treat bruises, fractures, internal and external hemorrhages, and even uterine bleeding in women. In modern times, it has also shown promising results in treating conditions such as coronary heart disease, neurasthenia, gastric ulcers, rheumatoid arthritis, infertility, tumors, and skin sores. Its wide range of applications makes it an essential component in both traditional and contemporary herbal medicine.
When used properly, Panax notoginseng can significantly contribute to disease prevention, physical health, and longevity. However, due to its high demand and limited supply, the market is flooded with counterfeit products. Some unscrupulous individuals produce fake versions by imitating genuine roots, often using inferior materials like dried ginger or other plants, which are then artificially modified to resemble real Sanqi.
To ensure authenticity and effectiveness, careful identification is crucial. Here are some key differences between genuine and fake Panax notoginseng:
1. **Genuine Panax notoginseng**: It is a dry root from the Araliaceae plant. The shape is usually round or cylindrical, with a length of 2-5 cm and a diameter of 1-4 cm. The top has scars and small knobs, while the surface is smooth, gray-brown or yellowish with occasional longitudinal wrinkles and root marks. It feels heavy and solid, with a cross-section that is grayish-green, yellowish-green, or off-white, often containing fine brown resin spots. The aroma is slightly bitter at first, followed by a subtle sweetness.
2. **Fake Panax notoginseng**: Often made from dried ginger or other similar plants, these fakes are artificially carved to look like Sanqi. They tend to be more conical in shape, with prominent ring-shaped knots and visible knife marks. The surface is usually pale yellow, with a powdery texture. These fake roots are lighter, harder to break, and have a yellow-green or gray-brown cross-section. When crushed, the outer layer and inner wood do not separate easily, and they emit a strong pungent, spicy odor. Unlike genuine Sanqi, they lack the characteristic bitter-sweet fragrance and may contain keratin-like substances.
It is important to distinguish between Sanqi and other herbs like Curcuma, as their medicinal properties differ significantly. Always verify the authenticity of the product before use to ensure safety and efficacy. Proper identification helps protect consumers from ineffective or harmful substitutes.
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