Spring is a time of renewal, when nature awakens and life returns to the earth. Ornamental fish, too, begin to recover as temperatures gradually rise. During this period, it's essential to closely monitor various aspects of their behavior—feeding habits, activity levels, mating, spawning, hatching, and larval development—to create a solid foundation for successful breeding. Effective spring management of ornamental fish farming should focus on the following key areas:
First, proper broodstock management is crucial. To encourage spawning, water changes should be done regularly, ideally once a week, to maintain high oxygen levels. Before spawning, broodstock should be kept in green water, and they should be fed daily with live food to stimulate their reproductive systems naturally. When signs of chasing or mating appear after sunrise, a controlled water change can help trigger spawning. It’s best to move the broodstock into a clean water tank in the afternoon, so that they can spawn the next morning.
Second, after spawning, the water quality must be carefully monitored. If the water becomes cloudy or develops an unpleasant odor, it should be completely replaced in the afternoon. Alternatively, raw water can be removed and replaced with fresh water of similar temperature. This ensures the safety of the fish overnight. If new fish disturb the spawning process, another thorough water change may be necessary. If spawning continues on the third day, the water can be reused to stabilize conditions. The temperature difference between the old and new water should not exceed 1°C, as sudden changes can stress the fish and affect their health. Oxygenation equipment can also be used if available.
Third, post-spawning care is vital. Broodstock are often weak after spawning, and frequent water changes can make them sluggish, reduce their feeding activity, and lead to dull coloration. They are also more prone to diseases like white spot disease or skin congestion. Therefore, post-spawning fish should be kept in green water or in clean water with added green water to help restore their vitality. Increasing light exposure or separating males and females can help maintain their libido. Fish with underdeveloped gonads should receive additional nutrition and be placed in clear, green water for further development. Once mature, a controlled water change will encourage spawning again. This method can continue throughout the breeding season.
Lastly, during spawning, especially in species like goldfish, the gonads may not be fully developed. In such cases, extra care should be taken to support the fish, including feeding live leeches to help the eggs mature. Spawning fish often lose their appetite and feed for shorter periods. Therefore, the amount of food should be reduced to one-third to one-fifth of the normal portion, and it should be consumed within 15 to 30 minutes. After spawning, feeding should start slowly, testing the fish’s appetite before increasing the amount. Observing their response during trial feeding allows for better control of their diet.
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