Wheat midge is a highly devastating and devastating pest. Once a large area occurs, it takes 5 to 7 years to get basic control. It is very important to do the prevention and control of wheat midge. To this end, the reporter recently conducted a special interview with the Northwest Academy of Agriculture and Forestry University, a researcher, wheat breeding expert Chen Xinhong.
The Occurrence Rule of Wheat Midge
Wheat midge, also known as wheat bran. Its larvae suck on the slurry of the wheat grain and cause pods, which can lead to a reduction of wheat production by about 30%. In severe cases, it causes no harvest and is a devastating pest. “Because of its small body size, occurrence, and hidden dangers, prevention and control of critical period is short and easy to miss the best period of prevention and treatment.†Chen Xinhong pointed out.
Wheat midge occurs one generation a year. Overwintering midge insects in the soil will grow in the summer and winter, and larvae in the shallow soil in late March to mid-fourth. Wheat emerged at the heading stage and was phlegm-removed and then spawned in the ears that had not been flowered before hatching. Normally hatched after 3 days. After hatching, the larvae drilled into the sap from the gaps in the husks and sucked in the sap, causing the wheat to lose grain and causing a decrease in production. After 15 to 20 days of damage, it matures and falls into the soil. After 10 centimeters in depth, it can grow over the summer and overwinter. "The incubation period of larvae is basically in accordance with the filling stage of wheat, and this spawning habit is the main reason for the different hazards between different plots and varieties in the same place," said Chen Xinhong.
Grasp the influence factors for effective prevention and control
Chen Xinhong said that there are many factors that affect the occurrence of wheat midge, such as climatic conditions, wheat varieties, crop rotation and cultivation methods, soil and so on. It is more effective to control according to the factors that affect its occurrence. In general, we can use three ways to control:
1. Use insect-resistant varieties. In general, long-grained, thorny, spikelet-arranged, glume-thick, short and neat flowering stages, and thick-grained varieties are all detrimental to spawning, larval invasion, and damage to adult midge insects. The use of these varieties can effectively prevent the occurrence of insect pests.
2. The rotation is down. Crop rotation of wheat and rapeseed, beans, cotton and rice caused the loss of host insects, which had a significant effect on reducing the number of insect populations.
3. Chemical control. Chen Xinhong said that before and after the May 1st, the implementation of a multi-spray prevention technology, the implementation of wheat diseases and insecticides, that is, insecticides, fungicides, foliar spray mixed spray, can achieve disease prevention, pest control, increase production purposes. Insecticides include beta-cypermethrin, phoxim, and imidacloprid. Fungicides use diniconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon and so on. Foliar fertilizer is 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizer. According to the actual situation of the occurrence of pests and diseases, in accordance with the product instructions, according to the proportion of mixed spraying, at the same time can be added to micro-fertilizer and other mixed into liquid medicine.
Finally, Chen Xinhong suggested that the majority of growers should adopt appropriate prevention and control measures according to the specific circumstances during each period of wheat midge development so as to achieve early detection and timely prevention and control so as to avoid serious reduction of wheat production.
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