I. Variety selection
Cultivation of small watermelon varieties in greenhouses should have the characteristics of precocity, moisture resistance, disease resistance, easy fruit setting, high quality, and suitable for close planting. The author mainly selected Xiaolan, Xintefeng, Jianing, Jinmei, and Black Beauty from the farmers' company in Taiwan.
Second, the mouth arrangement
Spring planting should be planted from mid-February to early March, harvested from mid-May to early June, and autumn planting should be planted from the end of August to the beginning of September, harvesting from the end of November to the beginning of December.
Third, nurture strong seedlings
1, nutrition soil preparation. 50% of mature quality farmyard fertilizers, 50% of vegetable garden soil not grown in 3 years, and 50% of carbendazim WP and 100% of 3% phoxim granules per cubic meter of mixed soil. 3 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of ash, mixed and ready for use.
2, soaking germination. The seeds were sun-dried for 1 day and the miscellaneous seeds were removed. The seeds were soaked in warm water of 55°C for 20 minutes with constant stirring, and then put in 1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes. Rinse with water. Wash, remove mucus, and then soak in seeds in warm water for 5-6 hours, then remove the seeds, wrap them in a pre-prepared wet towel, and put them in plastic bags to put them in personal pockets to use body temperature germination. Every 12 hours with warm water once, after 24-36 hours, more than 75% of the seeds can be "whitening" to be used.
3, sowing nursery. General use of nutritional bags (钵) or plug seedlings. Fill the prepared nutritious soil with a nutrition bag or a nursery plug. Use a finger to punch a 1-1.5 cm deep hole and put the seed that has been used to shoot the bud. The bud tip is down, 1 per hole. Cover with nutritious soil, and then use a sprayer or a watering pot to drench the water, cover the film, buckle up the greenhouse and a small shed (fall cover sunshade net), do not need to remove the film before germination, timely peel off the film after germination, and pay attention Ventilation and ventilation, the temperature is maintained at 28-32 °C, air relative humidity of about 75%. After germination, pay attention to timely release the seedlings to avoid affecting the growth of cotyledons. In the seedling stage, when the true leaves are exposed, the leaves are sprayed with 1000 times of chlorophyllin solution once a week and sprayed 2-3 times; the watering should be mastered with the principle of refraining from pouring, pouring, and pouring. It is carried out on sunny mornings. Maturation was performed within 1 week before colonization.
Fourth, timely planting
1, site preparation for base fertilizer. Before the planting, the Yangshuo with a width of 2.5 meters and a width of 40 centimeters was arched. The depth of the ditch was 40 centimeters, and the depth of the other ditch was 10 centimeters. The surface of the ditch was a gentle slope, and the ditch was matured. Farmyard fertilizer 3000 kg, 75 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer, fertilization from the planting hole about 30 cm, and then the ground leveling, covered with plastic film.
2, colonization. When the seedlings grow to two leaves and one heart can be planted. One day before the planting, the seedlings were poured in enough water to take seedlings; the spacing of the colonized plants was 0.52.5 meters, and the depth of colonization was appropriate to be buried under the cotyledon. When adding the appropriate amount of bactericide when pouring the root water, it must be thoroughly drenched and then covered with a greenhouse and a small shed.
V. Field Management
1, temperature management. After planting, the sheds were removed during the day and shaded outside the greenhouse when wilting occurred at noon. Daytime temperatures are 25-35°C, 18°C ​​at night, 4-5 days without ventilation, and after easing (5-7 days after planting), ventilation can be done in two sheds. From the time of easing the seedlings to flowering, the daytime temperature is kept at 24-28°C and at night around 13°C; during the melon period, the temperature is controlled at 25-30°C during the day, 15°C at night, and the air humidity is 50%-60%.
2, fertilizer and water management. Watermelon is a hi-fertilizer crop, with 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of 15% ternary compound fertilizer at the side of mussels. The young cucumber is stable and begins to swell, and the second fertilizer is applied. Mushi Sanyuan Compound Fertilizer 15 In kilograms, the hole was applied between the two seedlings and water was used to cover the soil. At the same time with 0.3% urea + 0.3% sugar + 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for foliar dressing, 6-7 days spray 1, even spray 2-3 times.
In watermelon water management, extending the vines, expanding the squash to promote, flowering fruit set, mature period to be controlled.
3, plant adjustments. When the plants began to fall, three vines were used for pruning, leaving one main vine and two side vines, and the remaining side branches were all wiped out. When the watermelon is enlarged and formed, it can be topped and topped at about 15 knots after fruit set. If you leave two loquats, the topping can be slightly higher. Wipe the lateral branches to the top, usually after sunny morning dew. When the melon vine grows to about 30 cm, it begins to induce vines and pressure vines to prevent the wind from being blown and to distribute the melon vines evenly.
VI. Pest Control
Infestation of watermelon in greenhouses is mainly based on red spiders, which can be prevented and treated with 20% broom net 1500 times. Diseases mainly include anthrax, wilt, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. In terms of prevention and control strategies, the first is to promote ventilation during cultivation, and to reduce the humidity within the shelter as much as possible. The second is to prevent and cure the disease at the right time. Anthrax, downy mildew, and powdery mildew can be used to prevent and treat thiophanate-methyl and powder rust. Fusarium wilt disease prevention and control can be used.
Seven, timely harvest.
Small watermelon rinds are thin and easy to crack. Therefore, it must be timely harvested when it reaches maturity.
Fat sea has a mild diarrhea effect. Its mechanism is that the increase of intestinal contents after taking fat sea orally can produce mechanical stimulation, which results in the occurrence of diarrhea caused by the increase of reflex intestinal peristalsis. For anesthetized dogs, the intestinal peristalsis can be significantly increased by soaking fat sea overseas cortex, soft shell and kernels separately. This effect can be antagonized by atropine. Rabbit intestinal peristalsis in vitro was increased by the extract of benevolence, but the effect of outer skin and soft shell was not obvious.
Scaphium Scaphigerum,Scaphium Scaphigerum Extract,Scaphium Scaphigerum Bagged,Scaphium Scaphigerum Extract Powder
Lixian Spring Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , https://www.lxctyy.com