At present, the vast majority of fruit tree production in China is still open field cultivation. The cultivation of open fields is greatly influenced by natural factors. Sometimes due to changes in natural conditions, the output of fruit trees is determined, which affects the income of the fruit farmers for the whole year. Freezing damage is an important factor affecting fruit tree production.
Causes of frost damage; frost damage of fruit trees is closely related to tree species, tree age, tree parts, topography, and management.
Different tree species have different degrees of frost damage. Pepper, apricot, chestnut, jujube, etc. due to early deciduous, cortical water content is low, not susceptible to frost damage, while walnuts, peaches, apples, grapes, etc. due to late leaves, growing vigorously, the cortex with high water content, easy to be frozen.
Different tree ages have different degrees of frost damage in the same tree species. Because of the lengthy and late stoppage of juvenile trees, the frost damage is more serious than that of trees and trees.
Different parts of fruit trees have different degrees of freezing. The site with high water content is serious and the windward side is serious. Mature branches are more resistant to freezing, flower buds are susceptible to freezing, and branches and branches are severely frozen due to icy snow.
Different terrains have different degrees of freezing. In high-altitude and drought-prone areas, fruit trees suffer from poor frost damage and low-lying terrain, and serious cold damage occurs in areas with poor drainage.
Preventive measures: First select the hardy species or species. When planting fruit trees, depending on local climatic conditions, choose tree species or varieties that are suitable for local growth and cold resistance. Secondly, we must also plant fruit trees in areas where the terrain is high, drainage is good, wind is small, and the soil is thick. In addition, in the construction of orchards, the construction of shelterbelts on the windward side of the orchard can also reduce the wind speed and increase the temperature in the park. The last is to strengthen management. In the later stage of growth, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied, and less or no nitrogen fertilizer is applied. In late September or early October, early application of basal fertilizer, control of watering, control of tree growth after the autumn; strengthen pest control, protect the leaves, improve photosynthesis and efficacy, increase the accumulation of nutrients, and promote the buds mature, tree Strong body, so as to improve the resistance to overwintering; autumn orchard, high groundwater orchard, pay attention to drainage, prompt the fruit tree to end the growth earlier, timely into the dormant period; pruning in autumn, remove stubborn branches, dense crowded branches, thin branches, improve Light conditions promote photosynthesis. Wang Tzu wants to pick up the heart and urge it to stop. Saplings and trees with poor frost resistance are pruned in winter until they are germinated in the spring. In the middle and late November, the trees that were not promptly deciduous were sprayed with ethephon to promote defoliation, forcing them to enter dormancy as soon as possible.
Causes of frost damage; frost damage of fruit trees is closely related to tree species, tree age, tree parts, topography, and management.
Different tree species have different degrees of frost damage. Pepper, apricot, chestnut, jujube, etc. due to early deciduous, cortical water content is low, not susceptible to frost damage, while walnuts, peaches, apples, grapes, etc. due to late leaves, growing vigorously, the cortex with high water content, easy to be frozen.
Different tree ages have different degrees of frost damage in the same tree species. Because of the lengthy and late stoppage of juvenile trees, the frost damage is more serious than that of trees and trees.
Different parts of fruit trees have different degrees of freezing. The site with high water content is serious and the windward side is serious. Mature branches are more resistant to freezing, flower buds are susceptible to freezing, and branches and branches are severely frozen due to icy snow.
Different terrains have different degrees of freezing. In high-altitude and drought-prone areas, fruit trees suffer from poor frost damage and low-lying terrain, and serious cold damage occurs in areas with poor drainage.
Preventive measures: First select the hardy species or species. When planting fruit trees, depending on local climatic conditions, choose tree species or varieties that are suitable for local growth and cold resistance. Secondly, we must also plant fruit trees in areas where the terrain is high, drainage is good, wind is small, and the soil is thick. In addition, in the construction of orchards, the construction of shelterbelts on the windward side of the orchard can also reduce the wind speed and increase the temperature in the park. The last is to strengthen management. In the later stage of growth, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied, and less or no nitrogen fertilizer is applied. In late September or early October, early application of basal fertilizer, control of watering, control of tree growth after the autumn; strengthen pest control, protect the leaves, improve photosynthesis and efficacy, increase the accumulation of nutrients, and promote the buds mature, tree Strong body, so as to improve the resistance to overwintering; autumn orchard, high groundwater orchard, pay attention to drainage, prompt the fruit tree to end the growth earlier, timely into the dormant period; pruning in autumn, remove stubborn branches, dense crowded branches, thin branches, improve Light conditions promote photosynthesis. Wang Tzu wants to pick up the heart and urge it to stop. Saplings and trees with poor frost resistance are pruned in winter until they are germinated in the spring. In the middle and late November, the trees that were not promptly deciduous were sprayed with ethephon to promote defoliation, forcing them to enter dormancy as soon as possible.
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