(1) Feeding Management Tips
1. Moisture Control: Sheep are sensitive to dampness, so maintaining a clean and dry environment is crucial. Traditional northern ground housing is not ideal for waste management, making the construction of elevated houses more complex in southern regions. To address this, we introduce a simple, moisture-proof raised sheep bed. The setup involves two thick wooden poles placed parallel on the ground, with smaller 4 cm diameter rods spaced 1–1.5 cm apart laid across them. These are secured with nails to form a sturdy base. The bed is raised about 20 cm off the ground, allowing it to be easily removed for cleaning and drying. A standard bed measuring 3 meters long and 1 meter wide can accommodate 3 adult ewes and 4–6 lambs. The floor should be made of cement to facilitate easy cleaning of manure. It’s recommended to clean the shed every morning after grazing, including under the bed, to reduce odors and humidity. Additionally, lime can be sprinkled regularly for disinfection, depending on weather conditions.
2. Disease Prevention: Avoid feeding sheep contaminated water or moldy feed, as this can lead to gastrointestinal issues. Regular disinfection of the sheep house, including the bed, should be done every two months to eliminate pests like flies and mites. Insect control and disease prevention measures should also be maintained consistently.
3. Supplementary Feeding: During winter, when natural grass is scarce, sheep need additional feed, especially pregnant and lactating ewes. In summer, fresh grass can be cut and dried, while in autumn, corn stalks, sweet potato vines, peanut stems, and soybean residues can be collected and sun-dried for storage. Each adult sheep requires approximately 2 kg of roughage daily. Fattening sheep and ewes should receive an extra 0.2 kg of mixed concentrate (60% corn, 25% bran, 15% soybean or rapeseed meal). If concentrates are unavailable, corn alone can be used, though it’s less effective than a balanced mix.
(2) Fattening Techniques
Ewes and young sheep that are no longer needed for breeding can be fattened using rapid growth methods. Rams not used for breeding are also ideal candidates for fattening. There are two main approaches:
1. Grazing with Supplementation: During summer and autumn, when forage is abundant, grazing can be the primary method. To prevent overgrazing, attach a collar with a 10-meter rope to each sheep, securing the other end to a metal ring fixed in the ground. Choose a good grazing area with deep soil to avoid disturbing the sheep. Move the posts 6–8 times daily to allow controlled grazing. After grazing, provide saltwater (8 grams per adult sheep daily) and supplement with 0.15–0.2 kg of mixed concentrate and some hay or straw at night.
2. Ammoniated Straw Plus Concentrate: This method works well when fresh forage is limited. To produce ammoniated straw, select a flat area, lay plastic sheeting, and cut the straw into 3–5 cm pieces. For every 100 kg of straw, dissolve 3–4 grams of urea in 60–80 liters of water and evenly sprinkle it over the straw. Stack and compact the material, then cover with plastic and seal it with soil. Allow it to ferment for four weeks, ensuring no air leaks. When temperatures are between 10–20°C, it can be fed after one month. Start by feeding 2 kg of ammoniated straw daily, gradually increasing the proportion while reducing non-ammoniated straw. Do not allow sheep to drink water immediately after consuming ammoniated straw; wait an hour and add a small amount of salt to the water. Alongside, each sheep should receive 0.2 kg of concentrate daily.
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