In traditional jujube cultivation, the growth of jujube trees has long followed a passive approach, with little attention given to systematic management. As a result, many old varieties have become outdated and unproductive, which has significantly hindered the development of the jujube industry. However, through the dedicated efforts of our technical team, we have successfully developed the "dwarf, dense, and productive" production technology, which has completely transformed the outdated methods of jujube farming. Practical experience has shown that dwarf close planting not only addresses issues like late fruiting and low yield but also serves as the most effective way to boost economic returns.
Firstly, dwarf varieties such as Chinese Lizao exhibit strong fruiting capabilities on new branches. By applying dwarf close planting techniques, this natural characteristic is fully utilized. Dwarf jujube trees are compact with small crowns that allow for better air circulation. The high density of plants increases leaf area, enhancing photosynthesis efficiency. This leads to more effective fruit-setting areas, promoting early fruiting and higher yields. Additionally, the smaller tree size reduces energy consumption, allowing more resources to be directed toward fruit development, resulting in larger, sweeter fruits with superior quality and higher market value.
Secondly, the compact structure of dwarf jujube trees makes them easier to manage. Techniques such as spindle shape, low-trunk sparse layering, or low-trunk spreading shapes help control excessive growth. With close planting, operations like pruning, spraying, and harvesting become much more efficient, reducing labor costs while increasing overall profitability.
Thirdly, the short canopy and reduced foliage of dwarf jujube trees lead to faster nutrient transport between roots and leaves. This results in a quicker nutrient cycle, improved physiological functions, and more efficient nutrient distribution throughout the plant. Smaller branches and leaves make it easier for the tree to absorb and utilize nutrients, further enhancing its productivity.
Lastly, controlling the tree size becomes much simpler with dwarf cultivation. By leveraging the natural balance between vegetative and reproductive growth, it's easier to regulate the tree’s development. Pruning and topping can effectively guide new branch formation, ensuring consistent fruiting year after year. This allows the tree to maintain a stable size over time, making long-term management more predictable and manageable.
The standard layout for a dwarf dense jujube orchard includes: 3 meters between rows and 2 meters between plants, resulting in 111 trees per mu; or 3 meters between rows and 1.5 meters between plants, totaling 365 trees per mu; or 3 meters between rows and 1 meter between plants, with 222 trees per mu. These configurations optimize space usage and ensure maximum productivity.
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