China is a big rice producer, so we have been working on efficient rice planting techniques. Today I want to share with you a rice planting technology, namely: precise quantitative cultivation techniques for rice, welcome to read!
I. Analysis of the principle of precise quantitative cultivation techniques for rice
From the analysis of the development trend of rice industry in China today, in order to increase the yield of rice, it is necessary to continuously simplify the cultivation techniques, that is, to make rice cultivation techniques more streamlined and reduce intermediate links. At present, farmers in production usually use extensive "fool" cultivation techniques, which runs counter to the concept of high rice production. Therefore, in order to solve the contradiction between technological simplification and high yield of rice, it is necessary to rationally adopt scientific and precise quantitative techniques. In theory, precise quantitative cultivation of rice means: appropriate reduction of the number of operations, the use of the most appropriate physicochemical technology in the most suitable growth period, that is, through accurate quantification on the "three suitable", to achieve high quality, high yield, high efficiency, The comprehensive goal of safety and ecology is a simplified and practical digital cultivation technology created in China. It is also a major breakthrough in rice cultivation theory and technology in China.
Second, the strong quantitative
The main use of Yixiangyou is Yixiangyou 1108 as a hybrid three-line rice variety. The growth period of this variety is 156.3 d. The application effect in this town is very good, and the annual output value can be guaranteed to a certain extent.
1. Prepare before the broadcast.
The suitable age for hand-planted rice is 5 leaf stage seedlings, which has 2 main lobe roots and 1 and 3 auxiliary roots, and has strong hair root strength. The initial leaf age; plucking and transplanting is most suitable for the upper leaf age period after transplanting to the effective tiller critical leaf age. Organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are applied in combination with cultivation. In the first half of the planting period, the ploughing operation is required. After the ploughing is completed, the farmyard manure is deeply applied. Ensure that the entire bed is flat, straight, soiled and water supply is sufficient.
2. Seed treatment.
Choose seeds with high germination rate and fullness. Before planting, seed soaking should be carried out. For every 10 kg of seeds, 25% of Shibaoke 3 ml, and 600~800 times of liquid soaking seeds for 3 days, mainly used to control the disease . When the seed whitening reaches about 75%, it can be planted.
3. Insert rice and sow.
All kinds of varieties should be protected for 18~20 d, and transplanted at the 3~4 leaf stage. The hand-planted rice is a seedling transplanted by conventional rice dry-cultivation, 5 leaves, the seeding amount is 90-120 kg, and the 6-leaf transplanting is 69-90 kg. Among them, hybrid rice needs to reduce the amount of sowing appropriately. If it is sowing, it is necessary to evenly stir the seeds and the dry nurse to the seedbed, and then apply 0.5 cm thick fine loam. In order to prevent the voles from destroying the seeds, it is necessary to place the rat poison in the field three days before planting.
Third, seedling management
1. Water management.
In the seedling stage, water management must be done to make water shortage; water is built before the 2 leaf stage; horse water is poured during 2~3 leaves, and water is controlled about 4 days before transplanting.
2. Fertilization management.
In the fertilization process, the nitrogen fertilizer ratio must be determined. Usually, the medium and large seedlings are hand-planted, and the ear fertilizer is best at 5:5; the seedlings are inserted or thrown by the machine, and the ear fertilizer is best at 6:4; For double-season rice cultivation, the panicle fertilizer is best at 7:3 or 6:4. An insect repellent work was carried out 3 days before transplanting, and imidacloprid was used to control pests.
Fourth, accurate water metering
1. Zhongda Miao hand transplanted.
During the transplanting to tillering period, the shallow water layer is mainly used, and the water depth is 2~3 cm.
2, the seedling machine is inserted and transplanted.
The seedlings mainly adopt the wet irrigation method. It is not suitable to use a stable water layer. On the sunny day, a thin water layer is added, and it is guaranteed to fall in 1~2 d. After the rice leaves are in the 1st leaf age, the water-cutting field is used to ensure that the field is always in the field. Wet state, promote rice roots. When the second leaf comes out, the seedlings at this time are relatively large, and it is necessary to combine the fertilization to establish a shallow water layer, which continues until the effective tillering period.
3, plastic tray seeding seedlings with soil transplanting.
Because the rice seedlings have strong root-rooting ability at this time, only thin water is needed in the transplanting process, and watering should not be carried out within 2 days of transplanting, and the irrigation should be carried out on sunny days. After 2~3 days, the water can be drained and dried. The rice roots are deep.
V. Pest Control
Bacterial blight and bacterial stripe disease were sprayed with 25% leaf cumin wettable powder 100-150 g, 40-50 kg water; rice blast was sprayed with 45% tricyclazole wettable powder 110 g water 60 kg. Control rice planthopper, aphid, armyworm with 80% dichlorvos EC 6~8 ml or 10% imidacloprid 20~30 g water 60 kg spray; control leafhopper, aphid use 18% insecticidal double 300 g mixed soil 30 kg sprinkle Shi.
This paper focuses on the principles of precise quantitative cultivation techniques for rice, as well as the implementation points of precise quantitative cultivation techniques, including variety selection and cultivation, seedling management, field transplanting and field management, pest control, aiming to comprehensively improve the town Rice yield. More knowledge about rice planting technology is welcome to pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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