DU Zhong-chen, SHEN Xiao-yin, SUN Guo-qing, Fishery Technology Promotion Station, Puyang, Henan Province, 457000, China
Xu Chao, Fan County Water Bureau, Henan Province Fisheries Station 457500
The area of ​​rice planting along the Huangtan District in Fuyang City has grown to over 500,000 mu. Since 2001, we have conducted technical studies on the ecological breeding of paddy fields in the region. After two years of practice, the loach is an excellent cultured species of the ecological fishery in the paddy field, and its yield and benefits are higher than those of paddy fish farming and crab rearing. In order to raise the yield of paddy fields, the yield of paddy fields can reach 150-300 kilograms, and the yield of paddy can be increased by 150 kilograms. Generally, the efficiency increase of the mu can be between 900-1,500 yuan. This kind of farming method increases fertilizer production, saves time and labor, and also significantly improves the soil of paddy fields. The quality of rice and mash produced is good, no pollution, and the price is high and it sells well, which meets people's needs for green products. Overcame the current situation in the market where the increase in agricultural capital, the drop in food prices, and the decline in the relative efficiency have increased the income of farmers. In order to promote the development of ecological fisheries in rice fields and accelerate the pace of building a well-to-do society in rural areas, I hereby sum up the technology as follows to promote the further development of this undertaking.
1, the selection and renovation of rice fields. 1Paddy field selection: Choose clay field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and irrigation, fresh water, no pollution, soft soil, rich humus, and neutral or weak acidity of PH. The area can be as large or small as possible. Films for management. Planting rice varieties should be dwarf, not lodging, strong fertility resistance, strong disease resistance varieties; 2 rice field clearing: digging fish ditch along the side or diagonal line, ditch depth of 0.3-0.5 meters, width 1 - 1.3 meters. In the inlet or in the four corners of the paddy field fish excursion, 2.5 meters wide, 5-6 meters long, fish drift area is generally about 10 square meters is appropriate, fish ditch, fish slip area accounts for 8% of the paddy field is appropriate. In general, after the summer crops are all harvested, field engineering work is carried out. About 900 kg of poultry manure per acre is applied, and then Sheung Shui is ploughed and the land is set in Pingtian. Tian Hao heightening and compaction to 30-50 cm, preferably with plastic film or wood, stone, mesh, etc., is attached to the inside of the crucible, and the lower end is buried in the hard mud; the water inlet and the drain are provided with a net barrier to prevent muddy drilling and escape. Miscellaneous fish dirt enters.
2. Stocking of seedlings: Before planting seedlings, 40 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre and 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer are used to increase soil fertility. The local plants are generally planted before and after mid-June, and about 7-10 days after seedling insertion. After the seedlings survived and returned to green, the new water was added to the paddy field water level of 10-15 cm, and the stockings were stocked immediately. The stocking size was 8,000-12,000 tails (about 80 kg in weight) over 4 cm.
3. Feeding and Feeding: The loach has a wide range of feeding habits. In addition to feeding on natural food, it also feeds artificially prepared food. During feeding, different feeds should be fed according to the different growth stages of the loach, and the feed should be fed with zooplankton baits. The juvenile clams and adult clams should be mainly fed with botanical baits. Don't stir the fields frequently and don't need to feed them in the first week. One week later, every day 3-4 days feed fried wheat bran and a small amount of silkworm meal. At the beginning, the method of sprinkler was used to spread the feed evenly on the fields, gradually reducing the food market, and finally feeding the feed in a fixed fish pit to facilitate the concentrated feeding and autumn fishing. While feeding, every other month, topdressing about 50 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, plus a small amount of superphosphate, cultivating plankton, and giving loach as a live bait. After the loach eats normally, it is mainly fed with mixed feed such as wheat bran, bean cake powder and silkworm cocoon powder. Feeding method: every day at 8-9 am and 4-5 pm, the daily feeding amount accounts for 6-7% of the loach's body weight, and it is flexible depending on the loach feeding, water quality, temperature, and the natural food in the water body. . Loach food intake is greatly affected by the water temperature. In the suitable water temperature range, the daily feeding rate is about 4%, and the amount of food eaten within one hour after feeding the food is most suitable. Loach eats more food at night and feeds during the day when it grows. According to this characteristic, feeding should be done at night. Due to the bulimia characteristics of mud loach, excessive feeding should be avoided in the breeding process, and feeding should be stopped when the water temperature falls below 15C in autumn.
4. Management of cultured loach rice fields. In order to cultivate rice in paddy, it is necessary to take into consideration the dual production of rice and alfalfa. Therefore, the management should pay attention to the following matters: 1 Grasp the water level: Keep the depth of the field surface 10-20 centimeters. In the hot summer season, try to deepen the field water to prevent the mud from severing. 2 Rice field disease prevention: Paddy fields with mud and mud, pests and diseases rarely occur. In the prevention of pests and diseases in paddy fields, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, fast-degrading, and less-residue pesticides should be used, such as rice flour, rice bran, carbendazim, and Jinggangmycin. Absolute use of trichlorfon, methamidophos, etc. is strictly prohibited. Such as phosphorus-containing organic highly toxic pesticides. Control must be administered at the required concentration and dosage. The specific method of spraying is as follows: First, half of the rice field is sprayed, and the other half is sprayed every other day. Apply the medicine in turn so that the loach can escape from the field. The second is the spray, the nozzle must be up, so that the liquid spray as far as possible on the rice leaf, do not spill and spread. The application time was better at 4 o'clock in the cloudy or sunny afternoon. After application, observe and diligently inspect the fields and find that the muddy fish appears coma and dull. Immediately add new water or fish it in time. Concentrate into the living water, wait until it is normal and then put it into the rice field. 3 Anti-escape: In addition to preventing mud leaching in paddy field breeding muddy, in the rain, we must pay special attention to not allow water to spread over the field, so as to avoid muddy escape with the water, and check whether there is leakage of river crab drilling holes. The hole leaks and must be blocked in time. In addition, rats, weasel, otters, snakes, and other predator organisms in rice fields should be promptly removed and destroyed.
Correspondence address: Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, Water Resources Bureau, Xiangyang City, Henan Province Postcode: 457000
E-mail: na.com
Xu Chao, Fan County Water Bureau, Henan Province Fisheries Station 457500
The area of ​​rice planting along the Huangtan District in Fuyang City has grown to over 500,000 mu. Since 2001, we have conducted technical studies on the ecological breeding of paddy fields in the region. After two years of practice, the loach is an excellent cultured species of the ecological fishery in the paddy field, and its yield and benefits are higher than those of paddy fish farming and crab rearing. In order to raise the yield of paddy fields, the yield of paddy fields can reach 150-300 kilograms, and the yield of paddy can be increased by 150 kilograms. Generally, the efficiency increase of the mu can be between 900-1,500 yuan. This kind of farming method increases fertilizer production, saves time and labor, and also significantly improves the soil of paddy fields. The quality of rice and mash produced is good, no pollution, and the price is high and it sells well, which meets people's needs for green products. Overcame the current situation in the market where the increase in agricultural capital, the drop in food prices, and the decline in the relative efficiency have increased the income of farmers. In order to promote the development of ecological fisheries in rice fields and accelerate the pace of building a well-to-do society in rural areas, I hereby sum up the technology as follows to promote the further development of this undertaking.
1, the selection and renovation of rice fields. 1Paddy field selection: Choose clay field with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation and irrigation, fresh water, no pollution, soft soil, rich humus, and neutral or weak acidity of PH. The area can be as large or small as possible. Films for management. Planting rice varieties should be dwarf, not lodging, strong fertility resistance, strong disease resistance varieties; 2 rice field clearing: digging fish ditch along the side or diagonal line, ditch depth of 0.3-0.5 meters, width 1 - 1.3 meters. In the inlet or in the four corners of the paddy field fish excursion, 2.5 meters wide, 5-6 meters long, fish drift area is generally about 10 square meters is appropriate, fish ditch, fish slip area accounts for 8% of the paddy field is appropriate. In general, after the summer crops are all harvested, field engineering work is carried out. About 900 kg of poultry manure per acre is applied, and then Sheung Shui is ploughed and the land is set in Pingtian. Tian Hao heightening and compaction to 30-50 cm, preferably with plastic film or wood, stone, mesh, etc., is attached to the inside of the crucible, and the lower end is buried in the hard mud; the water inlet and the drain are provided with a net barrier to prevent muddy drilling and escape. Miscellaneous fish dirt enters.
2. Stocking of seedlings: Before planting seedlings, 40 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre and 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer are used to increase soil fertility. The local plants are generally planted before and after mid-June, and about 7-10 days after seedling insertion. After the seedlings survived and returned to green, the new water was added to the paddy field water level of 10-15 cm, and the stockings were stocked immediately. The stocking size was 8,000-12,000 tails (about 80 kg in weight) over 4 cm.
3. Feeding and Feeding: The loach has a wide range of feeding habits. In addition to feeding on natural food, it also feeds artificially prepared food. During feeding, different feeds should be fed according to the different growth stages of the loach, and the feed should be fed with zooplankton baits. The juvenile clams and adult clams should be mainly fed with botanical baits. Don't stir the fields frequently and don't need to feed them in the first week. One week later, every day 3-4 days feed fried wheat bran and a small amount of silkworm meal. At the beginning, the method of sprinkler was used to spread the feed evenly on the fields, gradually reducing the food market, and finally feeding the feed in a fixed fish pit to facilitate the concentrated feeding and autumn fishing. While feeding, every other month, topdressing about 50 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, plus a small amount of superphosphate, cultivating plankton, and giving loach as a live bait. After the loach eats normally, it is mainly fed with mixed feed such as wheat bran, bean cake powder and silkworm cocoon powder. Feeding method: every day at 8-9 am and 4-5 pm, the daily feeding amount accounts for 6-7% of the loach's body weight, and it is flexible depending on the loach feeding, water quality, temperature, and the natural food in the water body. . Loach food intake is greatly affected by the water temperature. In the suitable water temperature range, the daily feeding rate is about 4%, and the amount of food eaten within one hour after feeding the food is most suitable. Loach eats more food at night and feeds during the day when it grows. According to this characteristic, feeding should be done at night. Due to the bulimia characteristics of mud loach, excessive feeding should be avoided in the breeding process, and feeding should be stopped when the water temperature falls below 15C in autumn.
4. Management of cultured loach rice fields. In order to cultivate rice in paddy, it is necessary to take into consideration the dual production of rice and alfalfa. Therefore, the management should pay attention to the following matters: 1 Grasp the water level: Keep the depth of the field surface 10-20 centimeters. In the hot summer season, try to deepen the field water to prevent the mud from severing. 2 Rice field disease prevention: Paddy fields with mud and mud, pests and diseases rarely occur. In the prevention of pests and diseases in paddy fields, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, fast-degrading, and less-residue pesticides should be used, such as rice flour, rice bran, carbendazim, and Jinggangmycin. Absolute use of trichlorfon, methamidophos, etc. is strictly prohibited. Such as phosphorus-containing organic highly toxic pesticides. Control must be administered at the required concentration and dosage. The specific method of spraying is as follows: First, half of the rice field is sprayed, and the other half is sprayed every other day. Apply the medicine in turn so that the loach can escape from the field. The second is the spray, the nozzle must be up, so that the liquid spray as far as possible on the rice leaf, do not spill and spread. The application time was better at 4 o'clock in the cloudy or sunny afternoon. After application, observe and diligently inspect the fields and find that the muddy fish appears coma and dull. Immediately add new water or fish it in time. Concentrate into the living water, wait until it is normal and then put it into the rice field. 3 Anti-escape: In addition to preventing mud leaching in paddy field breeding muddy, in the rain, we must pay special attention to not allow water to spread over the field, so as to avoid muddy escape with the water, and check whether there is leakage of river crab drilling holes. The hole leaks and must be blocked in time. In addition, rats, weasel, otters, snakes, and other predator organisms in rice fields should be promptly removed and destroyed.
Correspondence address: Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, Water Resources Bureau, Xiangyang City, Henan Province Postcode: 457000
E-mail: na.com
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