Pests are not only direct aggressors of edible fungi, but also pathogenic bacteria in the infection of an important medium, therefore, disease prevention and pest control to be carried out simultaneously. On the basis of taking all preventive measures, proper use of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue chemical agents can prevent and control the pests and diseases to a minimum. Common chemical agents are as follows:
1. Lime cultivation The straw used by mushrooms, straw mushrooms and bottle mushrooms can be adjusted to a slightly alkaline reaction with 1% to 2% of lime water, and it is very beneficial to the growth of mycelia. It can also be used after harvesting mushrooms. Clear liquid spray, improve production and prevent disease. When the mushroom bed culture material is found to be locally damaged by the trichoderma, gypsum may be used to wrap the lime powder and spread a thin layer directly at the pollution site to control the spread of the disease. When the tampon is damaged by the nectar, the tampon can be sterilized by the flame and then sprinkled on the tampon. When the section wood is cultivated by some large fungi such as red rot, the scraping surface should be smeared with 5% lime water (or Bol water) in time after scraping fruit bodies to prevent regeneration.
2. Disinfection of the sulphur mushroom house prior to feeding can be carried out using more smoke from the sulphur, with a dose of 5 g/m3. After the sulphur is ignited, it is sealed for 48 hours and fed after 1 to 2 days.
3. If kerosene is found in kerosene or diesel tampons, tapes, etc., appropriate amount of kerosene or diesel oil should be dripped timely, and then the film can be used to wrap the mold layer.
4. Formaldehyde strain bags or bacteria species block layer by the local contamination of Trichoderma and other bacteria, can be used 2% formaldehyde solution injection or smear. When the mushroom culture material is infected with P. fulvum, the contaminated culture material and the cover soil shall be promptly excavated, and then the infected bed shall be sprayed with 2% formaldehyde solution.
5. When trichoderma occurs locally in the bleach bag, apply 10% bleach solution. Mushroom four walls, floors, bed frames, etc. can be disinfected with bleach water before use, the general amount of 0.5 kg of bleach dissolved in 75 kg of water.
6. Addition of antibiotics to mother culture medium The appropriate amounts of antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamycin, and chlortetracycline can inhibit the growth of bacteria, and the addition amount is generally 100 to 200 units per ml. When Tremella is found to be harmed by Rhodotorula spp., diseased fruit bodies shall be promptly scraped and 100-200 units of streptomycin per milliliter sprayed.
7. Some strains of superphosphate such as white mold. The brownish molds and molds are suitable for high temperature and partial alkali conditions. The contents of superphosphate and stone can be appropriately increased when stockpiling materials, which can provide both nutrition and disease prevention. When these bacteria occur locally on the mushroom bed, they can also direct the calcium superphosphate. Sprinkle on the diseased material, can inhibit the spread of germs.
8. Bordeaux mixture is generally prepared from 1 kg of copper phosphate, 1 kg of quicklime and 100 kg of water. The pathogen of mushroom Behreromycetes is very sensitive to copper preparations. Direct spraying of pathogenic parts with a Bordeaux mixture or copper sulfate dilute solution has a certain effect on the control of diseases.
9. Trichlorfon edodes, edodes, edodes, oysters, oysters, oysters, etc., can be sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 1000 times before or after mushrooming.
10. Regularly spraying 50% dichlorvos 1:1000 times around the diurnal venom mushroom and the ear can effectively eliminate the insect source.
11. Deltamethrin Pleurotus eryngii serious pandemic mosquito can be used after mushrooming 2.5% deltamethrin 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid spray.
12. Poison bait trap killing adults such as Drosophila melanogaster, like to eat and spawn on rotten fruit or fermented material, it is advisable to put some rotten fruit and rosin on the dish and pour a small amount of 50% dichlorvos 1000 times to trap and kill adult insects. Frog rot adult vinegar liquor tropism, available wine: sugar: vinegar: water = 1:2:3:4 sweet and sour drink with a few drops of dichlorvos, placed under the lights to trap the adult. The poisonous bait made of calcium arsenate in the pancake (1:10) was spread around the cultivation in the evening, and it was able to trap and kill the mussels and snails.
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