1. Choose the best variety. It is essential to select heat-resistant, disease-resistant, high-quality, and high-yield varieties, such as sesame oil wheat. These varieties are not only more resilient to environmental stress but also ensure better yields and oil content, making them ideal for both commercial and personal use.
2. Proper sowing time. For summer sowing, it is recommended to plant between late June and early July. Use 50 grams of seeds per acre, with seedlings being 25 to 30 days old before transplanting in late July or early August. For autumn sowing, the optimal period is from late July to early August, using 40 to 50 grams of seeds per acre. Timing is crucial to ensure that the plants can establish themselves before the weather becomes too hot or too cold.
3. Seed treatment. Due to the high temperatures, drought, and rainy season during the seedling stage, it's advisable to pre-soak and germinate the seeds before planting. Soak the seeds in cold water for about an hour, then wrap them in a clean cloth and place them in a warm area (15°C to 20°C). After 2 to 3 days, when the seeds begin to sprout, they are ready for sowing. This process helps improve germination rates and strengthens the young plants.
4. Cultivation and management. Select fields that are elevated, have fertile soil, good drainage, and are free from Compositae crops. Apply a generous amount of base fertilizer: 5,000 kg of well-rotted manure per acre, along with 40 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of urea, and 20 kg of potassium sulfate, or 200–300 kg of wood ash. After sowing, install small arch shelters made of bamboo, either 2 or 4 meters long, and cover them with shade nets or old plastic sheets to protect against rain and reduce temperature. Keep the soil consistently moist and loose throughout the growing period. Apply foliar fertilizer 2 to 3 times during growth, using solutions like 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.2% to 0.5% urea solution to boost plant health and productivity.
5. Harvesting at the right time. The best time to harvest is when the oil wheat has 30 to 34 leaves and reaches a height of 45 to 48 cm. Cut the plants 2 to 3 cm above the ground to ensure the highest quality and yield. Timely harvesting is important to maintain the oil content and overall quality of the crop.
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