Jerusalem artichoke is a very delicious dish. Its scientific name is Jerusalem artichoke. Its tubers are rich in nutrients and flower-like sunflowers. Planting near the house has a higher beautification effect. Today, Xiaobian has compiled a high-yield cultivation technique of Jerusalem artichoke. Friends who like flowers can grow at home, and it is a double benefit to be both beautiful and delicious.
High-yield cultivation techniques of Jerusalem artichoke in the south
1. Choose excellent varieties
The main planting variety in Wanzha County of Jiangxi Province is Kangle Jiang, which is drought-tolerant and resistant to infertility. Early spring seedlings can endure light frost and are suitable for large-scale cultivation. The weight of a single tuber is 50-100 grams, and each tube produces 15 to 30 tubers, and the number of tubers can reach 60, and the yield per acre tub is 3000-4000 kg.
2. Soil preparation and application of base fertilizer
Jerusalem artichoke has strong adaptability to soil and can be harvested in fertile and loose soil to obtain higher yield. Avoid waterlogging, should choose a well-filled, high-lying plot. Before sowing, the soil should be deepened, 1000-1500 kg of farmer's fertilizer per acre, 30 kg of compound fertilizer, fine soil preparation, and the fertilizer and soil should be thoroughly mixed to make sorghum and repair the drainage ditch.
3. Sowing
The Jiangxi region was planted from mid-March to early April. The tubers can be sterilized by soaking in a 0.8% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 5 minutes, and then removed and dried for drying. The planting distance is 50-60 cm, the plant spacing is 35-40 cm, the clay should be shallow (5-8 cm), and the sand should be deep (8-10 cm).
4. cultivating and weeding
Jerusalem artichokes emerged about 30 days after sowing. When the plant height is 5 to 10 cm, the weeding is carried out. Generally, the weeding is twice, which is beneficial to the strong seedling; when the seedling height is about 15 cm, the second cultivating and weeding, and at the same time, the side branches and the embers of the Jerusalem artichoke are removed, and the main nutrients are concentrated. When the stems and leaves are 30 to 50 cm high, the Jerusalem artichoke can control the weed growth, no need to weed, just remove the tall plants and grass.
5. Fertilizer management
In the long-term growth period of Jerusalem artichoke, it is necessary to topdress twice: the first time in mid-April, 45% of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied per acre, 10-15 kg; the second time is in late June, that is, 7.5 to 10.0 kg of potassium sulfate per mu in the bud stage. Or farmer's fat 150 kg. Water should be drained in time during the rainy season. Jerusalem artichoke is more resistant to drought, but it needs sufficient water supply during the tuber expansion period. If the soil moisture is sufficient at this time, it can greatly increase the yield. Generally, it can be watered in the middle of September to promote tuber swelling.
6. Plant management
When the plant is 60 cm high, topping the heart to prevent it from growing. Remove the flower buds at any time during the fall. In the later stage of growth, the middle and lower parts of the plant should be removed from the yellow leaves and overly dense leaves to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. In the rainy season, if the Jerusalem artichoke plant appears to be skewed or lodging, it is necessary to timely correct and cultivate the soil and drain the ditch.
7. Pest control
Jiang Yan: Implement rotation and soil disinfection to prevent the onset of disease, and it is best to use the wasteland for planting plots. Before sowing, the tubers were air-dried for 1-2 days, and then immersed in 1:1:500 Bordeaux mixture for 10 hours for disinfection. The diseased plants were found to be removed in time, and sprayed with 20% thiabendazole 1000 times solution or 70% propyl zinc solution 800 times solution, sprayed once every 7 days, and sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times.
Corn borer: Corn borer often drills into the stem of the Jerusalem artichoke seedlings, causing the seedlings to be heartless. When the corn borer is found to be harmful, it can be sprayed with 4% avermectin 800 times solution or 20% chlorantraniliprole 1500 times solution.
Ginger Swallow Butterfly: Clear garden in winter, burn litter, and eliminate wintering eggs. Artificially killing insects, the early stage of larvae, with 90% trichlorfon 800 ~ 1000 times liquid control.
8. Harvest storage
Harvest: The harvest should be delayed as much as possible according to market demand to increase production. In the late October, when more than 80% of the stems and leaves of the plants were dry in the field, the shoots were cut off in time, and the tubers were excavated and graded according to size. Small tubers can be used as parent species.
Storage: Storage in storage, temperature control at 0 ~ 4 ° C, relative humidity of 80% ~ 90%. The open field is buried, and the buried trench is 1.0 to 1.5 meters wide and 1 meter deep, and the length is not limited. According to the soil condition, generally 2 to 3 layers are buried, and the thickness of each layer should not exceed 20 cm. The upper part is buried to the ground level.
Jerusalem artichoke is a plant that combines ornamental value, edible value and economic value. A large number of plants can develop tourism and can also produce high economic effects. Family planting can be eaten for the garden to increase the beautification benefits. Parents who are interested can quickly look at the Jerusalem artichoke. High-yield cultivation techniques!
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