Application range and technology of foliar spraying fertilizer

With the advent of the high-temperature and rainy season, farmland crops and economic fruit trees have entered a period of rapid growth. People often find that after the rain, some peach or pear trees in the orchard and even some sidewalk trees on both sides of the road will have regular new leaf chlorosis. This type of physiological disease is due to the lack of trace elements such as calcium, magnesium and iron. Caused by boron, zinc, etc. For example, in the northern orchards, apple, pear, and peach often have iron deficiency yellow leaf disease, zinc deficiency lobular disease, and boron deficient rotten heart disease. Apple trees also have calcium deficiency caused by bitter pit disease. In the southern orchards, fruit drop and new shoot yellowing caused by the lack of boron or zinc deficiency in citrus and lychee often appear in recent years.

After confirming that the crop is lacking in trace elements, it is necessary to supplement it with fertilization. The mode of application of micronutrients is different from the mode of application of a large number of elements. The demand for micronutrients in crops is small, and the range of concentrations that can be adapted to them is very narrow. There is no lack of it. Once it is overweight, it will poison. As we all know, the supplement of a large number of elemental fertilizers is mainly through the topdressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (usually calculated in kilograms) to supply nutrients to the roots; and to supplement the shortage of trace elements in crops, except in the case of particularly severe shortage of nutrients, the general Can be used outside the fertilizer. The advantage of this type of foliar fertilization is that it directly supplies part of the above-ground nutrients, and the speed of use is fast, so that the effective nutrient of the fertilizer is prevented from being fixed and degraded in the soil. The nutrient utilization efficiency of foliar fertilization is higher than that of soil fertilization, which can directly and effectively solve the problem of trace element deficiency. Its shortcomings are: Fertility is limited for a short time and it is a way of assisting fertilization. Sometimes, for soils that are severely deficient in certain elements of trace elements, it is necessary to rely on soil fertilization to achieve significant results.

A better mechanism for the effect of trace element fertilizers on fruit leaves is that the fruit trees are tall, with characteristics of perennial and strong colonization. Most of the orchards are distributed on sandy soils and sloping soils. In the management of orchards, N, P, K, and K fertilizers are often supplied by a large amount of soil fertilization. However, the trace elements that are consumed for many years do not receive corresponding results. Restitution and replenishment; In recent years, the area of ​​orchards has expanded rapidly, and the application of organic fertilizers has not been able to keep up with the situation, which has also aggravated the contradiction between the shortage of trace elements. In particular, the promotion of high-yield tree species and the introduction of exotic tree species, which have a large demand for trace elements, have exacerbated the urgency of increasing the demand for trace elements in fruit trees and fertilization. From the analysis of the nutritional characteristics of fruit trees, the application of micronutrients in soil from the roots to the leaves of fruit trees is a long process of transportation, and it is more difficult to transport and redistribute them over long distances. In addition, the demand for trace elements in fruit trees is small. If all methods of applying soil are adopted, the amount of fertilizer will be small, and the application will not be uniform, resulting in high cost and low utilization rate. Therefore, spraying foliar fertilizer is an effective method to correct the deficiency of trace elements in fruit trees.

In order to achieve the desired effect of sprayed fruit trees, it is necessary to grasp the following technical points:

Fertilizer choice. Mainly targeted supply of missing trace element fertilizers. Do not choose the so-called "Shiquan" liquid supplement, which is both expensive and untargeted, but the effect is not good. Therefore, it can be dominated by simple fertilizers. In view of the complexity of the micro-fertilizer market, when individual farmers purchase micro-fertilizers, they must choose brands to buy good products, and second, they must jointly purchase groups.

Concentration is appropriate. If the concentration is too low, the effect will not be achieved. If the concentration is too high, there will be fertilizer damage. The most suitable concentration will vary depending on the target crop, growth period and the type of element.

Spraying times. Fruit spray is usually sprayed twice before it is effective. In case of disaster or obvious symptoms and other special problems, it is necessary to spray 3 to 5 times.

Spraying site. The front and back of leaves, stems, and young fruit can be sprayed, but special attention should be paid to the concentration of flowers and buds. Because the number of stomata on the back of the leaf is more than that of the front, absorption will be more.

Spray time. Avoid wind, rain, and noon times. It is better to use before 10 o'clock in the morning before 10 o'clock in the morning.

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