Mushroom disease pest control measures

With the development of the vegetable basket project, the demand for edible mushrooms has also increased correspondingly, but the harm of insect pests inside the mushroom sheds has caused great obstacles to the development of edible fungi. In order to alleviate this contradiction, the main pests in the mushroom shed and the control methods are introduced.

1. Mushroom fly

Larvae, also known as bacillary dysentery, mainly feed on fruiting bodies and affect the quality of the tunnels, and the resulting wounds are also susceptible to bacterial infection and rot. Mushroom flies should adopt different methods at different times. This mushroom has a large number of bacillary dysentery before it can be fumigated with dichlorvos in an amount of 0.90 kg/100 square meters. At the same time, another 0.15 kg of 1% potassium chloride or sodium chloride solution (with 5% salt) can be sprayed on each culture block. Water instead of); After the mushroom has bacillary dysentery can be sprayed rattan fine, insecticide ester, nicotine and other low-toxic pesticides. (Nicotinamide can be made by itself: Take 0.50 kg stems, add 5 kg of water and take the solution after boiling). In addition, ventilation should be strengthened, and the temperature and humidity in the shed should be adjusted to ameliorate the living environment of pests so as to prevent and control its damage.

2, mushroom mosquito

Mushroom mosquitoes have the greatest damage during the larval stage. In addition to foraging on the surface of the culture material, some of the mushroom mosquitoes also cover the mushroom buds to prevent the mushroom body from growing normally. Control methods: 500-800 times the amount of trichlorfon after harvesting, and at the same time in the mushroom shed door and window at the nylon yarn to prevent adults from flying into spawning, breeding damage.

3, bacteria

It is a species of cricket that has small individuals and crawls quickly. It mainly causes damage to fruiting bodies and hyphae. In the prevention and control, we must first eliminate pests from invading the mushroom shed, because they are mainly derived from various feeds between warehouses and feedstuffs. Therefore, when using warehouses, chicken houses, etc., as a bacterium culture room, they must be thoroughly disinfected and limewashed before use. Digestion with dichlorvos 1 time; found during the cultivation of bacteria can be used to dipped in cotton balls, 50% dichlorvos hanging fumigation or spraying 1% sulfuric acid nicotine solution, can also be used pig bones and other things with the smell of thionite and other pesticides after spraying on the culture In the vicinity of the block, the scorpion was tempted and burned or burnt with boiling water.

4, nematodes

The nematode is a colorless, small worm that is extremely small and only about 1 mm in size. The larvae invade the mycelia and fruit bodies, and at the beginning the caps turn black, and the entire fruiting body becomes black and rotted and has a foul smell. Control methods: steam to fully contact the culture material to kill all nematodes. After mushrooming, 50 mg/kg zinc sulphide can be sprayed on the culture block to control its damage.

5. Collembola

Also known as ash insects. It has a flexible tail, bouncing freely, body wax, not afraid of water. It is often distributed on the surface of the mushroom bed or in a dark, damp place to bite fruit bodies. Before the mushrooming, 1:1000 times of dichlorvos plus a small amount of honey can be used to kill. Or with arsenious acid preparations or organophosphorus preparations coated on sweet potato slices for killing. Generally, pesticides cannot be used directly after fruiting. In this case, 0.25-0.50 kg of fresh orange peel can be cut into pieces, wrapped in gauze and squeezed with juice. After adding 0.50 kg of warm water, spray with a ratio of 1:20 to apply 2--3. Secondly, the efficiency of insect-preventing insects is over 90%.

6, 蛞蝓

Commonly known as slugs, mollusks, body exposed, no shell. They are afraid of light and afraid of heat, hiding in the bricks, stones, and earth seams during the day. After dusk, they come out to feed on food and hide before dawn. Control methods: Rice bran or bean cake is added with 2% calcium arsenate or aluminum arsenate to make poison bait, and it is also possible to use 15 - 20 times sodium chloride solution for ground spraying to drive off adults. 9 - 10 o'clock in the evening is their period of concentrated activity, which can be manually captured.

7, Hummer

Black adults, small body, slightly flat body, compound eyes prominent, nymph orange. It mainly sucks the juice of the bacteria, which can lead to atrophy of the bacteria in severe cases. Control methods: spray with 40% dimethoate emulsion 1500--2000 times, or 90% trichlorfon, 50% malathion 1000--1500 times spray, control effect up to 80% - 90%.

8, 蝼蛄

Use poison bait to kill the best. The formula is 50 grams of trichlorfon, rice bran or wheat bran 1500 grams of saute, 50 grams of sugar, 250 grams of white vinegar mixed well and spread on the ground. The lice and mosquitoes die immediately after eating.

9, other pests

Pseudo-walking insects, cockroach board insects, four-bearing potassium, etc. available rattan fine 500--800 times liquid spray or 80% dichlorvos 1000--1500 times liquid spray can achieve better control effect. Termites are one of the major pests in the south, and they are mainly responsible for the spores and other fungi. Digging nests and killing ants is an effective way to avoid or reduce the damage of termites. In addition, it is also possible to dig a small ditch around the mushroom shed and put the fresh skunk sticks evenly in the ditch and cover it with soil, which has a strong repellent effect on termites.

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