Pharmacological effects
1. The role of the respiratory system
a. Effect: The product decoction, tincture, water infusion gavage mice have a significant role in the role of its strength: decoction> tincture> flooding agent. The decoction of rabbits gavage or intraperitoneal injection of the sputum were obvious, and the role of spasticity is not cut off the vagus nerve. Chloroform extracts and saponins also have significant scorpion action, while the crude extracts of alkaloids and saponins have no significant scorpion effect. It has been reported that Phytolacca decoction can enhance the ciliary movement in the trachea of ​​rabbits. Therefore, the mechanism of its sputum is to directly stimulate the respiratory mucosa, increase the glandular secretion, dilute the sputum, and promote the ciliary movement. In addition, the product can still make peripheral blood vessels contract, reduce vascular permeability, reduce inflammation, but also with the role of phlegm.
b. antitussive effect: mouse ammonia spray cough test method proved: Phytolacca crude extract alkaloid oral significant antitussive effect. In mice, oral infusions, tinctures, and decoctions had no antitussive effect, but tinctures and decoctions had a mild antitussive effect. Subcutaneous injections of chloroform extract and saponin did not significantly increase gavage.
c. Anti-asthmatic effect: Histamine spray induced asthma method proved: The guinea pig subcutaneous injection of commercial decoction or tincture 5g/kg no asthma, and up to 8g/kg have a certain anti-asthmatic effect.
2. Anti-pathogenic microorganisms
In vitro experiments showed that: Phyllanthus decoction and expectorant have certain inhibitory effect on influenza bacillus and pneumococci; antibacterial effects on Freund's and Shigella dysenteriae are strong, and Shiga dysenteriae is moderately sensitive to Phytolacca decoction. Decoction is better than tincture. The concentration of 1:4 of commercial decoction decoction in vitro in vitro inhibition of fungal skin and other dermatophytes. The antiviral protein isolated from pokeweed has an inhibitory effect on tobacco leaf virus; two antiviral proteins isolated from pokeweed can control the synthesis of eukaryotic cells and the infection of tobacco mosaic virus.
3. Diuretic effect
The root extract of the root extract instilled in the kidney or directly into the frog kidney, can increase urine output, the mechanism of action may be to stimulate the vasomotor center, telangiectasia, increased blood flow, so that the kidney blood circulation accelerated. The diuretic effect of potassium salt and ash contained in Phytolacca is different from this, so the diuretic effect is not due to its contained potassium salt, but potassium salt also plays an additional role.
4. Anti-inflammatory effect
The triterpene acids extracted from pokeweed have anti-inflammatory effects and the anti-inflammatory effect on the swelling of the rat's feet is similar to that of hydrocortisone. Studies have shown that: phytolactoside A 5 ~ 10mg/kg, can significantly inhibit the rat cotton granuloma and carrageenan-induced foot swelling. Pokelusaponin can act as an anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting the production of platelet activating factor (PAF). Phytolacca can reduce capillary permeability and reduce bronchial mucosal swelling. Research shows that: Phytolacca ethanol extract is not corticosteroid-like, its role is also different from corticosteroids, mainly through the brain stem and excited pituitary - adrenocortical system. One or more continuous feeding of pharmacopoeial ethanol extracts to rats can significantly inhibit the swelling of formaldehyde, and this effect disappears after removal of adrenal glands on both sides. The product can still make the thymus atrophy in young and large mice. The once-irrigation can significantly reduce the content of vitamin C in the adrenal gland of rats, but does not prolong the survival time of the adventitious rat. Prednisolone can completely block the effect of Phytolacca extract on decreasing the content of vitamin C in the adrenal glands of rats, but it cannot block corticosteroid-like effects under the same conditions.
5. Other effects
Phytolacca aquatic extracts have the effect of killing Culex larvae. 100% concentration of Phytolacca decoction has a certain anti-radiation effect. Its acidic steroidal saponin has a spermicidal effect in vitro. Clinically proven that the product has reduced aminotransferase effect.
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