Coltsfoot, alias Butterbur, Columbine, etc., is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Compositae. Japan and China have used their petioles with special aromas and stems of the first soil as spices for eating since ancient times, and can also be boiled in pots, candied and so on. At the same time, its flowers and rhizomes have a bitter taste and aroma. They can also be used medicinally, and have therapeutic effects such as stomach and cough, lungs, and inflammation. At present, it is generally cultivated as a special dish.
First, type and variety
It can be divided into three types: white coltsfoot, red coltsfoot and big coltsfoot. White coltsfoot green petiole, leaf blade, leaf hypertrophy, plants shorter, mainly to collect leaves; red coltsfoot petiole reddish, thick, flowering moss fat, the earliest germination, moss-based, less flavor than white coltsfoot; large Coltsfoot grows strong, petiole long and thick, the quality of the first two. At present, the most common species cultivated in production is Aichi Early Japan, in addition to small varieties of winter, Akita, and other fine varieties.
Second, the appropriate planting season
In the open field, it is usually used for extensive cultivation of sunny slopes and planting. Autumn shoots can be harvested in the fall of the year, and autumn is planted in September. In the second spring, the stems and leaves are harvested from mid-April to late May. The purplish-brown flower buds were extracted and they only germinated after flowering.) The harvesting period of the flowering moss was in the early spring and the flowering moss was not harvested.
Third, cultivation points
1. Selection of Seed Plants and Establishment of Plant Retention Plants Plants with thick underground stems, multiple shoots, robust petiole growth, and high yield in early spring were planted in the breeding pens of the breeding plants and cultivated for 2 to 3 years. Disease-free and hypertrophic were selected. For the roots, the underground stems were cut into 2 to 3 sections and 400-500 kg were planted per acre.
2. Although there is no special demand for climatic soil in the soil-based fertilizer, the coltsfoot should be cold and moist and fertile loam. Avoid continuous works. Two months before planting, Shi Jifei was used to make soil preparations. Mushi composted 2000-3000 kg of compost, 50 kg of bean cake, 100 kg of plant ash, and ploughed deeply to make 90-120 cm wide and 20 cm high.
3, colonization according to the spacing of 20 to 25 cm planted in the pods, planted 15 per square meter or so, should be planted in shallow, with a concentration of 3 to 5 cm is appropriate. After planting the tree, pour enough water to cover the grass to prevent it from drying out.
4. Field management requires a lot of water throughout the growing season, especially after planting, underground stem growth, aboveground growth, and harvesting. There should be sufficient water supply during the growing season, and water should be poured in the evening during the high temperature season. The topdressing was carried out in 4 separate stages, and 25 kg of NPK fertilizer was applied per acre in the flowering stem extraction period, the young leaves emerged period, the growing season and the harvesting period. Usually pay attention to weeding, winter should cover grass to prevent freezing damage.
5. After collecting stems in early spring, pick them in time to avoid affecting the growth of the leaves in the future. Pick them gently along the ground. In the future, attention should be paid to the growth of the second bud. When the second bud is elongated to about 10 cm, the petiole of the first leaf can be picked. When the greenhouse is cultivated, the first leaves are harvested early to facilitate the growth of the leaves afterwards. Acres yield up to 5000 kg. It can harvest continuously for 3 to 5 years, with the highest yield in the third year. However, the cultivation of facilities is for annual crop cultivation.
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