From a scientific point of view, in order to make full use of the fertilizer effect of farmyard fertilizers, the following points should be noted for the accumulation of fertilizers and storage of fertilizers in winter. Fat heap should not be small. The cold weather has a cold climate. In order to promote the warming up of fertilizer heaps, the accumulation of fertilizers for storing fertilizers in winter should be appropriately increased. Generally 3 to 4 meters in diameter, about 2 meters high is preferred, can also be used 2 meters high, 1.5 to 2 meters wide, 4 meters long rectangular fat heap. If the fertilizer heap is too low and too narrow, the cold will invade, the heat will dissipate quickly, the fertilizer will be slow to ripen and the quality will be poor. In addition, some farmers send fertilizers to small piles of farmland for storage in the winter and spring season or to the ground. These practices are very detrimental to nitrogen conservation. According to the determination, when the fertilizer is stored in small piles, nitrogen will be lost by about 30%, and when it is scattered on the ground, it will be lost by about 64%, while the bulk storage will only lose about 10% in the winter and spring. Therefore, it is generally advisable to send fertilizers in the winter and spring to be stored in large piles on the ground, and it is better to throw them into the ground before planting. Cover the soil and protect the fertilizer effect. In addition to winter accumulation or storage of fertilizer in addition to piles, piles of soil and mud shall also be taken around the heap and top of the heap: cover with a layer of soil or a layer of wheat straw mud, can not play into the heap of cold gas, the heat can not be distributed effect. Simultaneously, the mud-sealed mud blocked the passage of nitrogen volatilization loss and reduced the loss of nitrogen. According to the measurement, in the same period of time, the loss rate of nitrogen in the mud-filled soil was less than 10%, while the loss rate of unsealed mud was about 30%. Ash dung should be stored separately. Gray manure, namely grass ash, is an alkaline fertilizer. Mixing with manure causes a drastic drop in nitrogen in manure. According to the test, with the use of a ash gasket or manure, the loss of manure was about 40% after 3 days, 95% after 3 months, and only about 5% after 3 days of unpadding of wood ash or uncapped manure, and losses after 3 months. 48% or so. Therefore, in the composting process in winter, the gray excrement must be stored separately and avoid mixing. Fertilizer plus phosphorus is good for nitrogen. Mixing 2% to 3% of superphosphate or more than 5% of rock phosphate in the fertilizer heap can play a significant role in nitrogen conservation. According to the test, when superphosphate was mixed in the fertilizer heap, nitrogen loss was only about 3.10% after 4 months, and about 45% without adding superphosphate; nitrogen loss after 5.4% phosphorus rock was added after 4 months. About 40% of the loss of phosphate rock was about 49.60%. Therefore, we must pay attention to adding some phosphate fertilizer compost, phosphorus nitrogen will play a multiplier effect.
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