Yak linear fattening technology

In recent years, with the popularization and application of cattle cold-finishing technology and straw cattle-raising technology, the cattle industry has evolved from traditional service to meat use. Beef production has gradually become a scale, and short-term compulsory fattening of shelf cattle has been widely used. Market supply. However, due to the small per capita grassland area in China, the number of cattle produced on the shelf is insufficient, and in addition, this type of fattening method has a long period, resulting in a low slaughter rate and low economic efficiency. At the same time, with the improvement of national living standards, the demand for high-grade beef is also increasing, and the application of Yak linear fattening technology can better make up for the above deficiencies and defects. Yak linear fattening has four advantages: First, it shortens the production cycle and improves the slaughter rate. The second is to improve the meat quality to meet the market demand for high-grade beef. The third is to reduce the cost of raising and increase the economic efficiency of beef cattle production. The fourth is to reduce the amount of livestock carried by the grassland and obtain higher ecological benefits. Yak linear fattening mainly includes the following technical aspects: 1. Selection of fattening yak breeds Select good bulls such as Charolais, Simmental, Limousin or Black-and-white flowers to cross breeds with local cows to improve the hybrid yaks. 2. Feeding and management of yaks Eat enough colostrum. Meat yaks are generally naturally breastfeeding. Calves should be fed colostrum 1 to 1.5 hours after birth and they must eat enough food within 7 days. Because colostrum helps in antibacterial, diarrhea and fecal nutrition, it is extremely rich in nutrients. At the same time, add some vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E. Feeding management. Early feeding of calves is very important. At the age of 1 week, training and drinking warm water began. In order to promote the development of the rumen of calves and supplement the nutrients needed by calves, feed some green and coarse fodder concentrates earlier: Generally, begin the training at the age of 10 to 20 days, and concentrate the condiments into porridge when starting the training. Add a little milk, feed 10-20 grams on the first day, and gradually increase the amount of feed; 10 to 20 grams of carrots are crushed daily starting at 20 days of age, and gradually increase the amount of feed; after 30 days of age, the mechanism of the hay is set in the column. Its feeding; 60 days of age began to feed silage, the first feeding amount of 100 to 150 grams. As calf intake increases, adequate drinking water must be guaranteed. Calves and cows need to be kept in separate rows, and breastfeeding is regularly released. The yaks must exercise moderately, with the mother grazing in the pastures near the cowshed, appropriate slowing down the speed of grazing, and ensuring the rest time. Calves were weaned at 135 days of age. 3.Fattening technology Before the yaks are transferred into the finishing houses, they are sprayed with 2% caustic soda solution on the ground and walls of the finishing houses. The apparatus is sterilized with 1% benzalkonium bromide solution or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. Yaks are fed to fattening quail after weaning. The fattening pod is a standardized plastic film shed, and the lining temperature should be kept within a range of 6°C to 25°C to ensure a cool winter and cool summer. In summer, shade sheds should be used to maintain good ventilation. When the temperature is above 30°C, measures should be taken to prevent it from cooling. In winter, double-layer plastic film shall be applied. Ventilation and ventilation shall be taken care of, and harmful gases such as ammonia and carbon monoxide shall be promptly removed. According to the order from big to small, the cattle body should be tied, fixed and positioned. The reins should be 40-60 cm. Feeding for fattening cattle. Pasture, crop stalk, blue (half-dried) straw, ammoniated stalk, micro-storage stalk, root tuber and vine, distiller's grains, beet pulp, corn, rapeseed cake, sorghum, sunflower cake, wheat bran, bean cake, cottonseed cake , salt, minerals, additives, etc., can be fed fattening calves. The calves were transferred to the rearing room and fed for 10 to 14 days to adapt to the environment and feed and gradually transition to the fattening diet. In summer, lush grasses are the best season for grazing. They use the advantages of high nutritional value, good palatability, and high digestibility of wild grasses and use grazing and fattening methods. When the temperature exceeds 30°C, pay attention to the heatstroke and reduce the temperature. You can adopt the nighttime grazing method to make full use of the conversion of forage grass into beef, reduce the cost of raising and increase the economic benefits. Grazing during the day in spring and autumn, supplementing a certain amount of green (half-dried) storage, ammoniating, micro-storage of straw and other roughage and a small amount of fine material at night. In the winter, it is necessary to add a certain amount of concentrate, and appropriately increase the energy feed (cotton-seed cake, etc.) to improve the cold resistance of the calves and reduce the proportion of energy in the basal metabolism. The formula of the diet formula for fattening cattle is as follows: Formula One: 35.2% of cornmeal, 5.9% of bean cake, 29.3% of distiller's grains, 29.3% of hay, 0.3% of salt, plus 1% of compound additive; Formulation 2: 19.6% to 22.4% of concentrate material, Distiller's grains were 26.4% to 27.1%, hay 8.4% to 9.1%, micro-storage straw 42.2% to 44.2%, plus 1% of composite additives. Management of fattening cattle. Feeding fattening calves feed three times a day, feeding grass fodder, feeding ingredients, and finally drinking water. Be careful not to feed iced feed and drink cold water, and drink warm water in winter. Drinking water is usually done 1 hour after feeding. Fattening cattle 10 to 12 months of age with "Bombycide" or "levamisole" an insect. The oral dose of insect venom is 0.1 g/kg body weight per oral dose, and the oral dose of levamisole is 8 mg/kg body weight per cow. At 12 months of age, the stomach is treated with artificial salt once, and the oral dose is Head cattle 60 to 80 grams.Daily daily swab cattle body 1 times, in order to promote blood circulation, increase appetite, keep the body of cattle health, feeding utensils also often wash and disinfect.Fattening cattle to do a good job of disease prevention and control, often observed cattle mining Food, drinking water and ruminants were found to be promptly treated.. 4. When the fattening cattle are 18 to 22 months old and have a weight of 500 kilograms, and the body muscles are full, and the subcutaneous fat is well attached, it can be slaughtered.

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