1 Definition of pollution-free aquatic products The quality and safety of aquatic products has become a problem that must be solved by China's aquatic industry at this stage. With the improvement of people’s living standards and China's accession to the WTO, people have put forward higher requirements for the quality of aquatic products. Competition for pollution-free aquatic products has intensified in domestic and international markets. Therefore, ensuring the quality and safety of aquatic products is not only the need for foreign exchange for export, but also guarantees. National life safety needs.
The pollution-free aquatic products refer to the aquatic products and processed products whose production environment, production process and product quality meet the requirements of the relevant national standards and standards, and which have been certified to obtain the certification and have no pollution agricultural product mark. The general pollution-free aquatic products are divided into two categories: The first category is aquatic products that are not produced using synthetic chemicals such as fishery medicines, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and additives, such as organic foods, ecological foods, AA-grade green foods, etc. People often refer to such foods as pure natural foods. The second category is the synthetic chemical substances allowed in the production of limited varieties, limited quantities, limited-time use of fishery drugs, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, additives, etc. The pollution-free aquatic products (including class A green food) produced by this method have a health quality ratio National food hygiene standards are strict. At present, pollution-free aquatic products that are being or will be actively developed in various provinces mainly fall into category 2.
2 Production technology of pollution-free aquatic products The production technology of pollution-free aquatic products should cover the whole process of production of aquatic products, including the pre-production, production, post-production and other links of aquatic products, and it is an organic whole. The main technologies and requirements include the following three parts:
2.1 Environmental Quality Requirements for Environmentally-friendly Aquatic Products Produced Areas Eco-environmental quality The selection and optimization of the environment for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products is the prerequisite for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products. The environmental quality requirements for producing areas include the requirements for water quality of fisheries without pollution, atmospheric environmental quality, and soil environmental quality in fishery waters.
Freshwater fishery water quality requirements include the sensory criteria for water quality: color, smell, and taste (no fish, shrimp, shellfish, algae with different colors, odors, odors); health indicators should be in line with the aquatic industry standards "non-polluted food freshwater aquaculture Water Quality Standards (SCl050-2001); The indicators for seawater quality should be in accordance with the requirements of "Harmless Food Aquaculture Water Quality (SC/T2008, 2001)".
The production of pollution-free aquatic products limits the concentration of four pollutants to atmospheric environmental quality, that is, the concentration of total suspended particulates (TSP), sulfur dioxide (S02), nitrogen oxides, and fluoride (F) should comply with the ambient air quality. Standards (CB30591996).
The production of pollution-free aquatic products stipulates the content limits of mercury, cadmium, copper, arsenic, chromium (hexavalent), copper, zinc, hexachlorobiphenyl, and DDT on the soil environmental quality of fishery waters. Its residue should meet the "Round Environmental Quality Standard (GBl5618-1995)" R provisions.
2.2 Technical Specifications for the Production of Harmless Aquatic Products The technical specifications for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products include high-quality, healthy seed production techniques, and pollution-free aquatic product breeding and processing techniques. In the entire production process of pollution-free aquatic products, the HACCP system should be fully quoted, that is, the hazard analysis of the aquatic product production process and find out its key control points in order to effectively control the quality of the entire production process of aquatic products. Aquatic products meet safety and pollution-free standards.
2.2.1 Production techniques for high-quality, healthy seedlings 1 Parents for good parenting techniques Parents that are used for breeding should be sourced from original and improved varieties, and the quality should be in accordance with the relevant standards. Parents should be fed high-quality, nutritious feed during the cultivation process. The parents of different species of fish should be reared and managed in different pools; after artificial propagation, files should be established for broodstock in time for reference and use in the coming year.
2 Standardized seed breeding techniques The broodstock production should grasp the best time of oxytocin production, and use the prescribed oxytocin drugs, and the amount of oxytocin drugs should be used properly. When the fry are hatched, the water temperature and water quality should be controlled; the fry should be fed with sufficient amount after the film is taken out. Pace mouth opening bait; at the same time for disease prevention and control, drug use should comply with fishery drug use guidelines.
3 Breeding and breeding techniques for major aquaculture species The quality of aquaculture seed should be in accordance with the relevant standards for aquatic production and improved varieties. Breeding must be verified by professional and technical personnel; the aquatic fingerlings should be strengthened in inspection and quarantine at the place of origin; produce.
2.2.2 Non-pollution aquatic product breeding and standardization Non-polluted aquatic product production technical specifications include the use of fishery medicines, feeds, pesticides, and fertilizers.
1 Guidelines for the use of fishery drugs The prevention and control of diseases, insects, and predator organisms during the cultivation of pollution-free aquatic animals, adhere to the principle of “comprehensive prevention and active treatmentâ€, stressing the principle of “prevention from treatment, prevention and control†and promote ecological Comprehensive prevention and control of biological preparations and Chinese herbal medicines for the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests; promotion of healthy aquaculture technology, improvement of the ecological environment of aquaculture, scientific and rational polyculture and close farming, and the use of highly efficient and low-residue fishery drugs; the use of fishery medicine must strictly comply with the State Council and agriculture. The relevant regulations of the ministry prohibit the use of fishery medicines that have not obtained production licenses, approval numbers, and product implementation standards; the use of mercury nitrate, malachite green, sodium pentachlorophenol, and chloramphenicol is prohibited. The specific usage and dosage of external splashing and internal medicines should meet the requirements of the Aquatic industry standard "Guidelines for the Use of Non-Hazardous Food and Fishery Drugs (SCl051-200t)".
2 Feed Usage Guidelines The types and amounts of additives for growth promoters, vitamins, amino acids, capsin, minerals, antioxidants, or preservatives used in feeds should comply with relevant regulations; no nationally banned drugs (such as diethylstilbestrol) should be added to feeds. Olaquindox) serves the purpose of preventing disease or promoting growth. The use of other drugs should comply with the provisions of the Aquatic Industry Standard "Guidelines for the Use of Non-Hazardous Food and Fishery Drugs (SCl051-2001)"; no veterinary drugs approved by the Ministry of Agriculture for feed additives may be added to the feed.
The hygienic indicators and limits of feed used for the cultivation of pollution-free aquatic products shall comply with the requirements of the aquatic industry standard "Safety limit for non-environmental food and fish feed (SCl052-2001)".
3 Guidelines for the use of pesticides The prevention and control of harmful organisms such as disease, insects, grasses and rodents during the cultivation of non-polluted aquatic products in paddy fields adheres to the principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control, and strictly controls the use of chemical pesticides. High-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides should be used, including buprofezin, methamidophos, rice bran, leaf dry fungicide, carbendazim and jinggangmycin. Herbicides and high toxicity, high residue, and three Cause (teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic) pesticides. The specific use should be in accordance with the provisions of the "Technical Code for Non-pollution Food Rice Paddy Fish Farming (SC/T1054-2001)".
Before the use of pesticides in paddy fields, the water level of paddy fields should be increased, and the spraying method should be adopted to divide the fields and spray them every other day to minimize the falling of the liquid (powder) into the water. If there are signs of poisoning in the breeding objects, change the water in time to rescue them.
4 Guidelines for the use of fertilizers The application of fertilizers in aquaculture waters is an important technical means for supplementing inorganic and nutrient salts of water bodies and improving the productivity of water bodies. However, improper application (referring to overdosage) can cause aquaculture water bodies to deteriorate and pollute the environment, resulting in the eutrophication of natural water bodies. Fertilization is mainly used for pond culture, and the target species for breeding are mainly cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, and tilapia.
Fertilizers include organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. Approved organic fertilizers include: compost, manure, manure, green manure, biogas manure, fermented manure, etc.; permitted inorganic fertilizers include: urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia chloride, calcium superphosphate, superphosphate , diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, lime, calcium carbonate and some complex inorganic fertilizers. The application methods and application rates of fertilizers can be referenced to the requirements of the "Chinese pond fish culture specification for food fish rearing technology in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (SC/T1016.5-1995)".
2.2.3 Quality Control Guidelines during Processing Process The raw materials for pollution-free aquatic products processing should come from the base of non-pollution aquatic products, the quality is fresh, and the physical and chemical indicators should meet the quality requirements of the corresponding pollution-free aquatic products; the raw materials should be preserved during transportation. , keep-alive measures; transportation tools, storage containers, storage sites must be clean and sanitary.
The environmental sanitation of pollution-free aquatic products processing factories, cold storages and warehouses, hygiene of processing procedures, hygienic packaging, safety, sanitation, hygienic inspection and management of storage and transportation shall comply with the Hygienic Specifications for Meat Processing Plants (CBl2694-90) and the Quality of Aquatic Products Processing Management Specification (SC?F3009-1999)? Stainless steel materials should be used for tools and consoles that come into contact with raw materials. Storage containers should be made of materials that are non-toxic, odorless, non-absorbent, resistant to corrosion, and withstand repeated rinsing and disinfection. The surface is smooth and free of pits or cracks.
The pollution-free aquatic product processing water shall meet the requirements of the “Drinking Water Standards for Drinking Water (CB5749-1985)â€; the seawater used shall comply with the first category specified in the “Quality Standards for Sea Water Quality (CB3077-1997)â€; the ice used in the production process shall comply with Requirements for Artificial Ice (SC/F9001-1984).
No unlicensed food additives may be used during the processing of pollution-free aquatic products. If the production process requires additives, the general category, quantity, and method of adding additives must comply with the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives (CB2760-1996). In accordance with the provisions of the regulations, no additives, such as pigments, preservatives, and quality improvers that are prohibited by the State, shall be used.
2.2.4 Packaging Requirements Packaging materials must be materials approved by the State for use in food. The materials used must be kept clean and stored in a dry and ventilated special warehouse. The internal and external packaging materials are stored separately, and the packaging directly contacting aquatic products must meet the requirements of food hygiene and cannot directly and indirectly cause pollution to the content.
2.3 Quality requirements for pollution-free aquatic products The requirements for the quality of pollution-free aquatic products include the sensory indexes, freshness indicators and safety and health indicators of aquatic products.
2.3.1 Sensory Index The sensory index of pollution-free aquatic products should meet the requirements in the following table.
The organoleptic indicators of nuisance-free aquatic products show that the surface appearance of the fish has no surface lesions, scales of fish scales are complete, and scale-free fish is cloudy. Exophthalmos are full and transparent. The silk is clear, red or dark red. Keeps the body in a natural state. Natural body color. Odor-free. Tissue muscles are tight and flexible. Viscera is clearly identifiable without rot. Freshness live or shortly after death. The shell is free from punctures and lesions. After stimulation, the foot is quickly retracted into the body. The shells are closed and the color shell is smooth and lustrous. The natural state of the shell is maintained. The odor is no odor. The muscles are tight and the right elasticity is fresh. Living crustaceans The carapace is clean and unblemished, its eyes are dark, its milky white is transparent, its reaction is quick, and its swimming and crawling color is smooth. The shrimp is: greenish green, blue green and blue crab: white back belly, yellow hairy gold claws have no odor, and the muscles are tight and elastic. Activity crab living, shrimp crawling or just shortly after the death of turtles, turtles appearance intact, the skirt is wide and thick. Creeping and Swimming Movements Free Color Keeping a Living Condition Natural Body Color Smell Odorless Tissue Muscles Tightly Flexible Freshness Live Amphibious Breeding Frog Appearance Body Surface smooth with mucus, abdomen white or off-white, back green-brown or dark green, hindlimb Muscular, strong bouncing ability, color retention, living body state, natural body color, odor, no odor, muscle, tightness, elasticity, vitality, living body
2.3.2 Freshness index Volatile base nitrogen ≤ 30mg/100L 2.3.3 Safety and health indicators Limits of heavy metals and harmful elements in aquatic products: Mercury (in Hg) ≤ 0.3mg/kg; Arsenic ( As calculated) ≤ 0.5mg/kg (freshwater fish); inorganic arsenic ≤ 0.5mg/kg (sea fish), ≤ 1.0mg/kg (shellfish and other seafood); lead (in pb) ≤ 0.5m sand kg; cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0.1mg/kg (fish); fluorine (F)
≤2.0mg/kg (freshwater fish); chromium (Cr) ≤2.0mg/kg (fish, shellfish).
Limits of drug residues in aquatic products: oxytetracycline ≤ 0.1 mg/kx; tetracycline ≤ 0.1 mg/kg; sulfonamides ≤ 0.1 mg/kg; chloramphenicol, penicillin, furazolidone, olaquindox, diethylstilbestrol Check out.
Poisonous and harmful substances: Histamine ≤ 100mg/100g (deep enough fish), ≤ 30mg/100g (other sea fish); Benzopyrene ≤ 5mg/100g; Polychlorinated biphenyl ≤ 0.2mg/kg (seafood) N-dimethyl ammonium nitrate ≤ 4μg/kg (seafood), N-diethylnitrosulfinamide ≤ 7μg/kg (seafood); sulfur dioxide ≤ 100mg/kg (frozen fish, frozen shrimp).
Aquatic product pesticide residues limit: trichlorfon ≤ 1.0mg/kg; 666≤ 2mg/kg; DDT ≤ 1mg/kg; imine sulfate ≤ 0.5mg/kg.
Limits of biotoxins and microbiological batches: PSP ≤80μg/kg; diarrheal shellfish toxins (DSP) not detectable; total number of colonies ≤1.0105/g; coliform ≤30/ 100g; pathogens may not be detected.
The safety and health indicators of pollution-free aquatic products can be found in the provisions of "Restrictions on Harmless and Harmful Substances in Non-environmental Food and Aquatic Products (SC3013-2001)" and "Restriction on Maximum Residues of Fishery Drugs in Harmless Food Aquatic Products (SC3012-2001)".
The pollution-free aquatic products refer to the aquatic products and processed products whose production environment, production process and product quality meet the requirements of the relevant national standards and standards, and which have been certified to obtain the certification and have no pollution agricultural product mark. The general pollution-free aquatic products are divided into two categories: The first category is aquatic products that are not produced using synthetic chemicals such as fishery medicines, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and additives, such as organic foods, ecological foods, AA-grade green foods, etc. People often refer to such foods as pure natural foods. The second category is the synthetic chemical substances allowed in the production of limited varieties, limited quantities, limited-time use of fishery drugs, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, additives, etc. The pollution-free aquatic products (including class A green food) produced by this method have a health quality ratio National food hygiene standards are strict. At present, pollution-free aquatic products that are being or will be actively developed in various provinces mainly fall into category 2.
2 Production technology of pollution-free aquatic products The production technology of pollution-free aquatic products should cover the whole process of production of aquatic products, including the pre-production, production, post-production and other links of aquatic products, and it is an organic whole. The main technologies and requirements include the following three parts:
2.1 Environmental Quality Requirements for Environmentally-friendly Aquatic Products Produced Areas Eco-environmental quality The selection and optimization of the environment for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products is the prerequisite for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products. The environmental quality requirements for producing areas include the requirements for water quality of fisheries without pollution, atmospheric environmental quality, and soil environmental quality in fishery waters.
Freshwater fishery water quality requirements include the sensory criteria for water quality: color, smell, and taste (no fish, shrimp, shellfish, algae with different colors, odors, odors); health indicators should be in line with the aquatic industry standards "non-polluted food freshwater aquaculture Water Quality Standards (SCl050-2001); The indicators for seawater quality should be in accordance with the requirements of "Harmless Food Aquaculture Water Quality (SC/T2008, 2001)".
The production of pollution-free aquatic products limits the concentration of four pollutants to atmospheric environmental quality, that is, the concentration of total suspended particulates (TSP), sulfur dioxide (S02), nitrogen oxides, and fluoride (F) should comply with the ambient air quality. Standards (CB30591996).
The production of pollution-free aquatic products stipulates the content limits of mercury, cadmium, copper, arsenic, chromium (hexavalent), copper, zinc, hexachlorobiphenyl, and DDT on the soil environmental quality of fishery waters. Its residue should meet the "Round Environmental Quality Standard (GBl5618-1995)" R provisions.
2.2 Technical Specifications for the Production of Harmless Aquatic Products The technical specifications for the production of nuisance-free aquatic products include high-quality, healthy seed production techniques, and pollution-free aquatic product breeding and processing techniques. In the entire production process of pollution-free aquatic products, the HACCP system should be fully quoted, that is, the hazard analysis of the aquatic product production process and find out its key control points in order to effectively control the quality of the entire production process of aquatic products. Aquatic products meet safety and pollution-free standards.
2.2.1 Production techniques for high-quality, healthy seedlings 1 Parents for good parenting techniques Parents that are used for breeding should be sourced from original and improved varieties, and the quality should be in accordance with the relevant standards. Parents should be fed high-quality, nutritious feed during the cultivation process. The parents of different species of fish should be reared and managed in different pools; after artificial propagation, files should be established for broodstock in time for reference and use in the coming year.
2 Standardized seed breeding techniques The broodstock production should grasp the best time of oxytocin production, and use the prescribed oxytocin drugs, and the amount of oxytocin drugs should be used properly. When the fry are hatched, the water temperature and water quality should be controlled; the fry should be fed with sufficient amount after the film is taken out. Pace mouth opening bait; at the same time for disease prevention and control, drug use should comply with fishery drug use guidelines.
3 Breeding and breeding techniques for major aquaculture species The quality of aquaculture seed should be in accordance with the relevant standards for aquatic production and improved varieties. Breeding must be verified by professional and technical personnel; the aquatic fingerlings should be strengthened in inspection and quarantine at the place of origin; produce.
2.2.2 Non-pollution aquatic product breeding and standardization Non-polluted aquatic product production technical specifications include the use of fishery medicines, feeds, pesticides, and fertilizers.
1 Guidelines for the use of fishery drugs The prevention and control of diseases, insects, and predator organisms during the cultivation of pollution-free aquatic animals, adhere to the principle of “comprehensive prevention and active treatmentâ€, stressing the principle of “prevention from treatment, prevention and control†and promote ecological Comprehensive prevention and control of biological preparations and Chinese herbal medicines for the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests; promotion of healthy aquaculture technology, improvement of the ecological environment of aquaculture, scientific and rational polyculture and close farming, and the use of highly efficient and low-residue fishery drugs; the use of fishery medicine must strictly comply with the State Council and agriculture. The relevant regulations of the ministry prohibit the use of fishery medicines that have not obtained production licenses, approval numbers, and product implementation standards; the use of mercury nitrate, malachite green, sodium pentachlorophenol, and chloramphenicol is prohibited. The specific usage and dosage of external splashing and internal medicines should meet the requirements of the Aquatic industry standard "Guidelines for the Use of Non-Hazardous Food and Fishery Drugs (SCl051-200t)".
2 Feed Usage Guidelines The types and amounts of additives for growth promoters, vitamins, amino acids, capsin, minerals, antioxidants, or preservatives used in feeds should comply with relevant regulations; no nationally banned drugs (such as diethylstilbestrol) should be added to feeds. Olaquindox) serves the purpose of preventing disease or promoting growth. The use of other drugs should comply with the provisions of the Aquatic Industry Standard "Guidelines for the Use of Non-Hazardous Food and Fishery Drugs (SCl051-2001)"; no veterinary drugs approved by the Ministry of Agriculture for feed additives may be added to the feed.
The hygienic indicators and limits of feed used for the cultivation of pollution-free aquatic products shall comply with the requirements of the aquatic industry standard "Safety limit for non-environmental food and fish feed (SCl052-2001)".
3 Guidelines for the use of pesticides The prevention and control of harmful organisms such as disease, insects, grasses and rodents during the cultivation of non-polluted aquatic products in paddy fields adheres to the principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control, and strictly controls the use of chemical pesticides. High-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides should be used, including buprofezin, methamidophos, rice bran, leaf dry fungicide, carbendazim and jinggangmycin. Herbicides and high toxicity, high residue, and three Cause (teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic) pesticides. The specific use should be in accordance with the provisions of the "Technical Code for Non-pollution Food Rice Paddy Fish Farming (SC/T1054-2001)".
Before the use of pesticides in paddy fields, the water level of paddy fields should be increased, and the spraying method should be adopted to divide the fields and spray them every other day to minimize the falling of the liquid (powder) into the water. If there are signs of poisoning in the breeding objects, change the water in time to rescue them.
4 Guidelines for the use of fertilizers The application of fertilizers in aquaculture waters is an important technical means for supplementing inorganic and nutrient salts of water bodies and improving the productivity of water bodies. However, improper application (referring to overdosage) can cause aquaculture water bodies to deteriorate and pollute the environment, resulting in the eutrophication of natural water bodies. Fertilization is mainly used for pond culture, and the target species for breeding are mainly cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, and tilapia.
Fertilizers include organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. Approved organic fertilizers include: compost, manure, manure, green manure, biogas manure, fermented manure, etc.; permitted inorganic fertilizers include: urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia chloride, calcium superphosphate, superphosphate , diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, lime, calcium carbonate and some complex inorganic fertilizers. The application methods and application rates of fertilizers can be referenced to the requirements of the "Chinese pond fish culture specification for food fish rearing technology in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (SC/T1016.5-1995)".
2.2.3 Quality Control Guidelines during Processing Process The raw materials for pollution-free aquatic products processing should come from the base of non-pollution aquatic products, the quality is fresh, and the physical and chemical indicators should meet the quality requirements of the corresponding pollution-free aquatic products; the raw materials should be preserved during transportation. , keep-alive measures; transportation tools, storage containers, storage sites must be clean and sanitary.
The environmental sanitation of pollution-free aquatic products processing factories, cold storages and warehouses, hygiene of processing procedures, hygienic packaging, safety, sanitation, hygienic inspection and management of storage and transportation shall comply with the Hygienic Specifications for Meat Processing Plants (CBl2694-90) and the Quality of Aquatic Products Processing Management Specification (SC?F3009-1999)? Stainless steel materials should be used for tools and consoles that come into contact with raw materials. Storage containers should be made of materials that are non-toxic, odorless, non-absorbent, resistant to corrosion, and withstand repeated rinsing and disinfection. The surface is smooth and free of pits or cracks.
The pollution-free aquatic product processing water shall meet the requirements of the “Drinking Water Standards for Drinking Water (CB5749-1985)â€; the seawater used shall comply with the first category specified in the “Quality Standards for Sea Water Quality (CB3077-1997)â€; the ice used in the production process shall comply with Requirements for Artificial Ice (SC/F9001-1984).
No unlicensed food additives may be used during the processing of pollution-free aquatic products. If the production process requires additives, the general category, quantity, and method of adding additives must comply with the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives (CB2760-1996). In accordance with the provisions of the regulations, no additives, such as pigments, preservatives, and quality improvers that are prohibited by the State, shall be used.
2.2.4 Packaging Requirements Packaging materials must be materials approved by the State for use in food. The materials used must be kept clean and stored in a dry and ventilated special warehouse. The internal and external packaging materials are stored separately, and the packaging directly contacting aquatic products must meet the requirements of food hygiene and cannot directly and indirectly cause pollution to the content.
2.3 Quality requirements for pollution-free aquatic products The requirements for the quality of pollution-free aquatic products include the sensory indexes, freshness indicators and safety and health indicators of aquatic products.
2.3.1 Sensory Index The sensory index of pollution-free aquatic products should meet the requirements in the following table.
The organoleptic indicators of nuisance-free aquatic products show that the surface appearance of the fish has no surface lesions, scales of fish scales are complete, and scale-free fish is cloudy. Exophthalmos are full and transparent. The silk is clear, red or dark red. Keeps the body in a natural state. Natural body color. Odor-free. Tissue muscles are tight and flexible. Viscera is clearly identifiable without rot. Freshness live or shortly after death. The shell is free from punctures and lesions. After stimulation, the foot is quickly retracted into the body. The shells are closed and the color shell is smooth and lustrous. The natural state of the shell is maintained. The odor is no odor. The muscles are tight and the right elasticity is fresh. Living crustaceans The carapace is clean and unblemished, its eyes are dark, its milky white is transparent, its reaction is quick, and its swimming and crawling color is smooth. The shrimp is: greenish green, blue green and blue crab: white back belly, yellow hairy gold claws have no odor, and the muscles are tight and elastic. Activity crab living, shrimp crawling or just shortly after the death of turtles, turtles appearance intact, the skirt is wide and thick. Creeping and Swimming Movements Free Color Keeping a Living Condition Natural Body Color Smell Odorless Tissue Muscles Tightly Flexible Freshness Live Amphibious Breeding Frog Appearance Body Surface smooth with mucus, abdomen white or off-white, back green-brown or dark green, hindlimb Muscular, strong bouncing ability, color retention, living body state, natural body color, odor, no odor, muscle, tightness, elasticity, vitality, living body
2.3.2 Freshness index Volatile base nitrogen ≤ 30mg/100L 2.3.3 Safety and health indicators Limits of heavy metals and harmful elements in aquatic products: Mercury (in Hg) ≤ 0.3mg/kg; Arsenic ( As calculated) ≤ 0.5mg/kg (freshwater fish); inorganic arsenic ≤ 0.5mg/kg (sea fish), ≤ 1.0mg/kg (shellfish and other seafood); lead (in pb) ≤ 0.5m sand kg; cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0.1mg/kg (fish); fluorine (F)
≤2.0mg/kg (freshwater fish); chromium (Cr) ≤2.0mg/kg (fish, shellfish).
Limits of drug residues in aquatic products: oxytetracycline ≤ 0.1 mg/kx; tetracycline ≤ 0.1 mg/kg; sulfonamides ≤ 0.1 mg/kg; chloramphenicol, penicillin, furazolidone, olaquindox, diethylstilbestrol Check out.
Poisonous and harmful substances: Histamine ≤ 100mg/100g (deep enough fish), ≤ 30mg/100g (other sea fish); Benzopyrene ≤ 5mg/100g; Polychlorinated biphenyl ≤ 0.2mg/kg (seafood) N-dimethyl ammonium nitrate ≤ 4μg/kg (seafood), N-diethylnitrosulfinamide ≤ 7μg/kg (seafood); sulfur dioxide ≤ 100mg/kg (frozen fish, frozen shrimp).
Aquatic product pesticide residues limit: trichlorfon ≤ 1.0mg/kg; 666≤ 2mg/kg; DDT ≤ 1mg/kg; imine sulfate ≤ 0.5mg/kg.
Limits of biotoxins and microbiological batches: PSP ≤80μg/kg; diarrheal shellfish toxins (DSP) not detectable; total number of colonies ≤1.0105/g; coliform ≤30/ 100g; pathogens may not be detected.
The safety and health indicators of pollution-free aquatic products can be found in the provisions of "Restrictions on Harmless and Harmful Substances in Non-environmental Food and Aquatic Products (SC3013-2001)" and "Restriction on Maximum Residues of Fishery Drugs in Harmless Food Aquatic Products (SC3012-2001)".